Evaluation of intravenous administration of alfaxalone, propofol, and ketamine-diazepam for anesthesia in alpacas

Álamo, Ana M del; Mandsager, Ron E; Riebold, Thomas W.; Payton, Mark E.

doi:10.1111/vaa.12170

Cited by 11 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…These results were similar to those observed in the calves in this study anesthetized with alfaxalone-HPCD alone. In addition, undesirable recovery characteristics such as tremors, paddling, seizure-like activity and thrashing observed in alpacas [ 6 ] were similar to those observed in the calves anesthetized with alfaxalone-HPCD alone in this study. Greater attention to the recovery environment is advisable when using alfaxalone-HPCD for the induction of anesthesia in dogs when minimal premedication has been used [ 13 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Alpacas, goats and sheep are among the ruminants in which the anesthetic effect of alfaxalone-HPCD alone has been investigated [ 2 , 3 , 6 , 8 ]. del Álamo et al [ 6 ] reported that the dose sufficient to allow endotracheal intubation was 2.1 ± 0.1 mg/kg, and the time from induction to standing was 34.1 ± 3.2 min in 5 alpacas (weight: 96.7 ± 19.9 kg) anesthetized with alfaxalone-HPCD alone. These results were similar to those observed in the calves in this study anesthetized with alfaxalone-HPCD alone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tachycardia was accompanied by hypertension in the calves anesthetized with alfaxalone-HPCD alone. An increase in HR after the administration of alfaxalone-HPCD alone was observed in alpacas [ 6 ] and sheep [ 2 ]. The increase in HR after the IV administration of alfaxalone-HPCD alone was accompanied by hypertension in alpacas [ 6 ], similar to that in the calves in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An increase in HR after the administration of alfaxalone-HPCD alone was observed in alpacas [ 6 ] and sheep [ 2 ]. The increase in HR after the IV administration of alfaxalone-HPCD alone was accompanied by hypertension in alpacas [ 6 ], similar to that in the calves in this study. In sheep, the increase in HR after the IV administration of alfaxalone-HPCD (2 mg/kg) alone was not accompanied by significant changes in arterial blood pressure [ 2 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anesthetic and cardiorespiratory effects of single-bolus intravenous alfaxalone with or without intramuscular xylazine-premedication in calves

El-Hawari

Sakata

Oyama

et al. 2018

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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The anesthetic and cardiorespiratory effects of xylazine-alfaxalone combination were evaluated in calves. Six calves (age: 6–9 months old; weight: 114–310 kg) were anesthetized with intravenous alfaxalone 15 min after administration of intramuscular saline (0.5 ml/100 kg) or xylazine (0.1 mg/kg; 0.5 ml/100 kg of a 2% xylazine solution). Anesthesia induction was smooth and orotracheal intubation was achieved in all calves. The calves anesthetized with xylazine-alfaxalone required a smaller induction dose of alfaxalone (1.23 ± 0.17 mg/kg, P=0.010) and accepted endotracheal intubation for a significantly longer period (16.8 ± 7.2 min, P=0.022) than the calves anesthetized with alfaxalone alone (2.28 ± 0.65 mg/kg 7.3 ± 1.6 min). At 5 min after induction, tachycardia (heart rate: 166 ± 47 beats/min of heart rate), hypertension (mean arterial blood pressure: 147 ± 81 mmHg) and hypoxemia (partial pressure of arterial blood oxygen [PaO2]: 43 ± 10 mmHg) were observed in the calves anesthetized with alfaxalone alone, whereas hypoxemia (PaO2: 47 ± 7 mmHg) and mild hypercapnia (partial pressure of arterial blood carbon dioxide: 54 ± 5 mmHg) were observed in the calves anesthetized with xylazine-alfaxalone. Premedication with xylazine provided a sparing effect on the induction dose of alfaxalone and a prolongation of anesthetic effect. Oxygen supplementation should be considered to prevent hypoxemia during anesthesia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Anesthetic and cardiorespiratory effects of single-bolus intravenous alfaxalone with or without intramuscular xylazine-premedication in calves

El-Hawari

Sakata

Oyama

et al. 2018

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…In addition, these newer formulations produce a safe and effective anesthetic induction, with significant isoflurane-sparing effects in rose flamingos, 10 terrapins and tortoises, 11 and alpacas. 12 Even when alfaxalone was administered as an induction and maintenance anesthesia agent via water immersion, it provided rapid and reliable anesthesia of koi with no mortality. 13 We have no idea why the investigators in these studies chose such an odd assortment of animals in which to test alfaxalone.…”

Section: Alfaxalonementioning

confidence: 99%