Evaluation of Intratesticular Lesions With Strain Elastography Using Strain Ratio and Color Map Visual Grading: Differentiation of Neoplastic and Nonneoplastic Lesions

Abstract

Higher strain ratio and visual elastography score are associated with neoplastic lesions and offer an alternative to assess tissue characteristics but do not improve the diagnostic accuracy when compared with the color Doppler pattern.

Elastography of focal testicular lesions: current concepts and utility

“…Their tissue stiffness can vary from mildly hard to hard on strain elastography (Fig. 4) [10,15]. However, their vascularity pattern has been reported to differ from that of germ cell tumors, as gonadal stromal cell tumors show a significantly shorter filling time than germ cell tumors [15] and persist longer than the normal testicular parenchymal enhancement [16].…”

“…Testicular epidermoid and dermoid cysts are the most common benign neoplastic lesions and demonstrate hard elastographic properties [10,19,20]. They are often uniformly hard on strain elastography, with SR values often exceeding 40.…”

“…A handful of studies have investigated the ability of strain elastography to differentiate malignant neoplasms from benign neoplasms using VES and SR. Whilst hard elastograms, defined based on a VES of >3, demonstrate a high sensitivity (81.1%-100%) in differentiating malignant testicular neoplasms from benign lesions, the specificity varies considerably among studies (25%-98.2%) [2,4,10,19,22]. In a cohort containing 30 testicular neoplasms, Pastore et al [23] showed that SR provided adjunctive information about tumor characteristics along with B-mode and color Doppler imaging, aiding in the diagnosis of the neoplastic origin of testicular abnormalities.…”

Overview of ultrasound applications for assessing scrotal disorders

“…High‐frequency US with a linear array transducer is the imaging modality of choice to assess suspicious testicular lesions. In addition, CEUS and elastography may provide more information to distinguish between benign and malignant testicular lesions . Neoplastic testicular lesions are usually associated with elevated elastographic scores due to an increased intratumoral cell density compared to non‐neoplastic areas (Figure D).…”

Resveratrol inhibits ACHN cells via regulation of histone acetylation

“…To the best of our knowledge, a cancer cell is characterized by invasion, easy transferring, reproduction, etc. (Ferraz da Costa et al 2018;Konstantatou et al 2019). Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role in tumour metastasis by degrading extracellular matrix (ECM) components, to be specific, they allow cells to pass through ECM to reach distant targets and their expressions and activations could lead to an increase in cancer cells in almost all people (Forget et al 1999;Curran et al 2004).…”