EVALUATION OF INTERLEUKIN-6, LYMPHOTOXIN-α AND TNF-α GENE POLYMORPHISMS IN CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS

Abstract

Background: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disruption of the periodontal supportive tissues. There are the numerous evidences for his bacterial etiology. Though the occurrence of periodontal bacteria is considered to be the main cause of periodontitis, certain characteristics of the individual immune response may also have inûuence on the disease development and progression, and on the treatment outcomes. There are some reports that attempt to identify genetic factors associated with periodontitis including polymorphisms of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) genes. We were interested from the distribution of several genotypes of the cytokines: interleukin-6 -(G-174C) and (G-597A), lymphotoxin-α (A+252G), and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (G-308A) in patients with chronic periodontitis.Aim: To investigate the association of chronic periodontitis with certain gene polymorphisms of interleukin-6 (IL-6), Lymphotoxin-α, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α).Material and methods: The study included 30 patients with moderate or severe chronic periodontitis, and 10 persons with healthy periodontium. Total genomic DNA was extracted from the buccal epithelial cells. TNF-A (G-308A), IL-6 (G-174C), IL-6 (G-597A) and LT-A (A+252G) genes polymorphisms were analyzed by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results: Outcomes showed a large variety in genotype's distribution in the investigated groups. No important difference was observed in the distribution of IL-6, TNF-α and LT-α genotypes between chronic periodontitis patients and controls in this study be reason of the small studied group. However, a signiûcant difference in the LT-α was observed -a prevalence of the genotype GG in patients with severe periodontitis. In relation with IL-6 (G-597A) and IL-6 (G-174C) genotyping -in both of them in patients with severe periodontitis was occurred most frequently the genotype GG. In patients with periodontitis the frequency of genotype GG of TNF-α (G-308A) was significantly increased. Conclusion:The assessment IL-6 (G-597A) and IL-6 (G-174C), and TNF-α (G-308A) revealed that genotype GG was moderate associated with chronic periodontitis in Bulgarian individuals. As a result of these findings we may suppose that the G allele may play an important role in the de-velopment and progression of periodontal disease in this population. The frequency of LT-A (A252G) was significantly greater in severe periodontitis patients in this study.

Interleukin-6-174G/C Polymorphism Contributes to Periodontitis Susceptibility: An Updated Meta-Analysis of 21 Case-Control Studies

“…Of the 21 included studies, 10 studies were conducted in Caucasian population [5, 14, 17, 22, 28–30, 34–36], 6 studies were conducted in Brazilian population [15, 16, 21, 24, 26, 33], 4 studies were conducted in Asian population [18, 25, 32, 38], and 1 study was conducted in Indian population [31]. Seven studies involved nonsmokers as study subjects [5, 15, 22, 24–26, 31].…”

“…The scores of NOS ranged from 5 to 8. 12 studies were considered to be of high quality [5, 14, 16, 18, 21, 28, 29, 31, 32, 35, 36, 38] and 9 studies were considered to be of moderate quality [15, 17, 22, 24–26, 30, 33, 34]. The characteristics and NOS scores of the included studies were listed in Table 1.…”

“…The studies performed by Raunio et al and D'Aiuto et al both demonstrated the links between IL-6 174 polymorphism and the presence of IL-6 in patients with severe periodontitis [4, 50]. In addition, the effect of IL-6 174 G/C polymorphism on the susceptibility of CP has been studied by multiple researchers, but the results of these disquisitions were inconclusive [5, 14, 15, 17, 18, 21, 28, 29]. …”

“…Nevertheless, this meta-analysis assessed CP and aggressive periodontitis (AP) together, and only 11 studies for CP were involved. In recent years, multiple studies were published regarding the association between IL-6 -174 G/C polymorphism and CP [5, 15, 17, 21–26]. Therefore, in present meta-analysis, 21 studies were included to further discover the role of IL-6 -174 G/C polymorphism in the pathogenesis of CP.…”

Presence of IL-8 Gene Polymorphism and IL-8 Serum Levels in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis - Literature Review

“…as a basis for determining and maturing individual sensitivity of individuals to periodontitis. [7][8][9][10][11] There is evidence that individual reactivity to the environment and different expressions of immune response in periodontitis are related to genetic factors. According to Michalowicz et al, associated with heredity.…”