Evaluation of Interallelic <i>waxy</i>, Hetero<i>waxy</i>, and Wild‐Type Grain Sorghum Hybrids

Yerka, Melinda K.; Toy, J. J.; Funnell‐Harris, Deanna L.; Sattler, Scott E.; Pedersen, Jeffrey F.

doi:10.2135/cropsci2015.03.0151

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 46 publications

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“…These reductions are similar to observations made in other crops, such as barley ( Hordeum vulgare ), wheat ( Triticum aestivum ), and maize ( Oryza sativa ; Oscarsson et al., 1998; Graybosch, 1998; Hallauer, 2000). However, more recent studies indicate that the waxy trait itself may not necessarily cause yield reductions, which would allow for the development of yield competitive waxy sorghum hybrids (Kent & Rooney, 2021; Yerka et al., 2015; Yerka et al., 2016). Even with evidence that the development of high yielding waxy hybrids is possible, the concern that waxy hybrids have increased susceptibility to grain weathering persists.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing the effects of grain weathering and presence of fungal communities on waxy and non‐waxy sorghum hybrids grown across Texas

2022

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Grain weathering in grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is a persistent concern for producers in warm and humid climates. Further, grain sorghum genotypes are known to vary in their response to grain weathering; in some cases, this response is associated with a specific grain trait. For example, waxy endosperm sorghum is perceived to be more susceptible to grain weathering. This study herein compared waxy, heterozygous waxy, and non-waxy sorghum hybrids grown in multiple environments for grain weathering susceptibility and characterization of the fungal communities on the grain. The traits used to evaluate grain weathering included first grain weathering rating (FGWR), area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), initial germination (IG), and reduction in germination (RIG). Grain weathering intensity varied among the tested environments; increased weathering occurred with wetter conditions. In combined analyses, the environment accounted for more variation (70.2, 38.2, 39.9, and 81.1%) than did genotype (9.0, 26.9, 15.8, and 5.0%) for FGWR, AUDPC, IG, and RIG, respectively. In only one of the four environments were the waxy and heterozygous waxy hybrids statistically different from the non-waxy genotypes. Ultimately, variation was more associated with genotypes than endosperm classes. Overall, Alternaria spp., Bipolaris spp., Fusarium semitectum, Curvularia spp., and Aspergillus niger were the most frequently observed pathogens across environments. Within an environment, the percent of different fungal pathogens remained relatively constant, but varied across environments.There was no clear distinction between either the level of grain weathering or the presence of a particular pathogen and endosperm type. The results indicate that grain sorghums with waxy endosperm are no more susceptible to grain weathering than those with normal, non-waxy endosperm.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing the effects of grain weathering and presence of fungal communities on waxy and non‐waxy sorghum hybrids grown across Texas

2022

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Genome Editing Towards Sorghum Improvement

Wong

Lam

Hintzsche

et al. 2022

Genome Editing Technologies for Crop Improvement

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Near Infrared Spectroscopic Evaluation of Starch Properties of Diverse Sorghum Populations

Peiris

Bean

et al. 2021

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Starch, mainly composed of amylose and amylopectin, is the major nutrient in grain sorghum. Amylose and amylopectin composition affects the starch properties of sorghum flour which in turn determine the suitability of sorghum grains for various end uses. Partial least squares regression models on near infrared (NIR) spectra were developed to estimate starch and amylose contents in intact grain sorghum samples. Sorghum starch calibration model with a coefficient of determination (R2) = 0.87, root mean square error of cross validation (RMSECV) = 1.57% and slope = 0.89 predicted the starch content of validation set with R2 = 0.76, root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) = 2.13%, slope = 0.93 and bias = 0.20%. Amylose calibration model with R2 = 0.84, RMSECV = 2.96% and slope = 0.86 predicted the amylose content in validation samples with R2 = 0.76, RMSEP = 2.60%, slope = 0.98 and bias = −0.44%. Final starch and amylose cross validated calibration models were constructed combining respective calibration and validation sets and used to predict starch and amylose contents in 1337 grain samples from two diverse sorghum populations. Protein and moisture contents of the samples were determined using previously tested NIR spectroscopy models. The distribution of starch and protein contents in the samples of low amylose (<5%) and normal amylose (>15%) and the overall relationship between starch and protein contents of the sorghum populations were investigated. Percent starch and protein were negatively correlated, low amylose lines tended to have lower starch and higher protein contents than lines with high amylose. The results showed that NIR spectroscopy of whole grain can be used as a high throughput pre-screening method to identify sorghum germplasm with specific starch quality traits to develop hybrids for various end uses.

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Evaluation of Interallelic waxy, Heterowaxy, and Wild‐Type Grain Sorghum Hybrids

Cited by 3 publications

References 46 publications

Comparing the effects of grain weathering and presence of fungal communities on waxy and non‐waxy sorghum hybrids grown across Texas

Comparing the effects of grain weathering and presence of fungal communities on waxy and non‐waxy sorghum hybrids grown across Texas

Genome Editing Towards Sorghum Improvement

Near Infrared Spectroscopic Evaluation of Starch Properties of Diverse Sorghum Populations

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