Evaluation of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

Abstract

Criteria of MBS are frequently present in young women with PCOS and may be more useful as a prognostic factor than IR indexes in this age group. We suggest evaluation of IR in older age women with PCOS.

The risk of metabolic syndrome in polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…Metabolic syndrome for adults was defined by different criteria, for example 25 articles used the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) and its modifications criteria . Six articles used the American Heart Association/National Heart Lung Blood Institute (AHA) and its modification criteria .…”

“…In 15 Articles, 9,18,22,23,25,27,32,[36][37][38]40,46,[48][49][50] PCOS was defined by the National Institute of Health as the presence of two of three criteria of chronic anovulation, clinical and/or biochemical signs of hyperandrogenism with the exclusion of other etiologies. 51 Also, 27 articles 8,[13][14][15][16][18][19][20]24,26,[28][29][30][31][33][34][35][41][42][43][44][45][52][53][54][55][56] used the criteria of the European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology/ American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ESHRE/ASRM) diagnostic criteria as two of the three criteria of hyperandrogenism, polycystic ovaries on ultrasound (PCO) and irregular anovulatory periods.…”

“…Metabolic syndrome for adults was defined by different criteria, for example 25 articles [14][15][16]20,21,[24][25][26]29,30,32,33,[35][36][37]39,41,45,46,[48][49][50]52,54,55 used the Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) and its modifications criteria. 61 Six articles 15,20,24,35,40,56 Full-text articles excluded based on lack of clear data (n = 1)…”

Pathogenesis of Insulin Resistance in Skeletal Muscle

“…Thus, obese NGT subjects without a family history for T2DM [33, 34] and individuals with essential hypertension [35] and ischemic heart disease [36] also have a 35–50% decrease in whole body insulin-mediated glucose disposal (Figure 3). Insulin resistance in skeletal muscle also has been reported in association with the normal ageing process [37], dyslipidemia (increased plasma triglyceride/decreased HDL cholesterol) [4, 26], and in association with many disease states including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOs) [38], chronic kidney failure [39], heart failure [40], myotonic dystrophy [41], and lipodystrophy [42]. In addition, insulin resistance develops in acute severe illnesses such as injury and sepsis, perhaps secondary to the acute inflammatory state that prevails [43].…”

Normal muscle glucose uptake in mice deficient in muscle GLUT4

“…Skeletal muscle insulin resistance is apparent long before the hyperglycaemia becomes evident (Warram et al 1990), as demonstrated in lean, normal glucose-tolerant offspring of parents with type 2 diabetes who have a similar degree of reduced glucose uptake to that of their parents (Gulli et al 1992, Perseghin et al 1997, Ferrannini et al 2003, Tripathy et al 2003. Individuals with no family history of diabetes but with accompanying metabolic abnormalities such as obesity, hypertension, ischaemic heart disease, dyslipidaemia and polycystic ovary syndrome have also reported some degree of skeletal muscle insulin resistance (Ginsberg et al 1975, Ferrannini et al 1987, Bressler et al 1996, Kahn et al 2006, Lankarani et al 2009.…”