“…Helicoverpa armigera (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera), commonly known as cotton bollworm/legume pod borer, is a devastating polyphagous pest and a major constraint to crop production in Asia, Africa, Australia, and Mediterranean Europe for the last four to five decades (Han et al., ; Sharma, ). It represents a challenge for agricultural production worldwide because of its feeding on more than 200 different species of economically important crops, such as soybeans, cotton, sorghum, corn, sunflower, peanuts, chickpea, pigeon pea, groundnut, maize, and vegetables like beans, tomatoes, peppers, and even forest trees, causing an average of $10,000 million annual loss globally (Akbar, Sharma, Jayalakshmi, & Sreeramulu, ; Ameta & Bunker, ; Carneiro et al., ). Most of the lepidopteran insects including H. armigera have developed resistance against organophosphates (OPs), carbamates, and pyrethroids (Akbar, Aurade, Sharma, & Sreeramulu, ; Armes, Jadhav, and DeSouza, ; Srinivas, Udikeri, Jayalaxmi, & Sreeramulu, ).…”