Evaluation of Infill Building Block in Heritage Schools in Kuala Lumpur

Abstract

In Kuala Lumpur, there are a few heritage schools that are more than 100 years old which have experienced significant infill developments since colonial era. This study evaluates the infill building structures and proposes a suitable design approach of infill development in heritage school. It focuses on the infill development theory, reviews on the physical aspect of heritage school buildings as well as related local policies and guidelines. In order to achieve the research purpose and objectives, the study uses the qualitative methodology. The studyfound that there are 2 infill design approaches, which is the complementary design approach and contrast design approach and both can be used as long as compatible and in harmony with the existing heritage building and site. Through site observation survey, it was found that although infill development at St John’s Institutions and Maxwell Secondary Schools adopted the contrast approach, the outcome were different. Infill development at St John’s Institutions was compatible and in harmony, while at Maxwell Secondary School was theopposite. Therefore, this study suggests improvement on the existing infill structures in the heritage school, either through image restoration or transfer of facilities to future development. Other recommendation include the government providing infill development guidelines for heritage site, encouraging private sector to participate in heritage school conservation and development, and controlling the height of new development within 100 meter radius from heritage buildings.

Ameliorative effects of microencapsulatedSpirulina platensisin beverage; physicochemical, simulated release, and organoleptic properties

“…Source: *Credit statement: All the data provided was derived from first author's own work (Zamri, 2020) Ameliorative effects…”

“…S.D. : standard deviation Source: *Credit statement: All the data provided was derived from first author's own work (Zamri, 2020) Ameliorative effects (91.7 6 19.1% and 88.5 6 23.1%, respectively). In addition, at the beginning of 1 h after the end of this study, the majority of the release rates of all samples deviated from the control.…”

“…Notes: **Pearson correlation is significant at p < 0.01 (two tailed). Number of samples, N Source: *Credit statement: All the data provided was derived from first author's own work(Zamri, 2020) NFS 53,8…”

The Contextual Design Criteria of Infill Building Façade in Malaysian Urban Historic Districts: A Systematic Review

“…Ujang [2], Shamsuddin [4], Semes [11], Soosani [15], Demiri [17], Alfirević & Simonović [24], Brolin [32], Semes [33], Gaber & Akcay [34], Sotoudeh & Abdullah [37], The Preservation Alliance [38], Zamri & Abdullah [40], Byard [45], Lambe & Dongre [47], Ujang & Zakariya [48], Abdel-Kader [49], Al-hasany [50], Sotoudeh & Abdullah [51], Ismail [52], Bentley et al [53] The contextual infill building faç ade design criteria in urban historic districts…”

“…In addition, ICOMOS [14] urges for the contemporary architecture proposed must be in high-quality design. It is to ensure the architectural design quality and historic value sustainability in urban historic districts [40]. Following this, the consideration of the character of the historic fabric not only identifies the general character but must also analyse the dominant physical features or the shared characteristic among the urban elements and the intangible aspect of the place.…”