Evaluation of Induced Mutants of Papaya Ringspot Virus for Control by Cross Protection

Yeh, Shu-Lan; Gonsalves, D.

doi:10.1094/phyto-74-1086

Cited by 157 publications

(96 citation statements)

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“…We successfully obtained two mild isolates Pk-47 and Pk-81 from the severe strain of CGMMV-Pk by subjecting it to low temperature treatment. It has been observed that a certain time interval between the protection and challenge-inoculation is required to establish cross-protection, and the degree of crossprotection is related to the concentration of the protecting virus in the plants [10,11,25]. Our preliminary data also supports this conclusion however; it needs to check the effect of inoculum's concentration (both protecting and challenge isolate) in our case.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Cross-protection has effectively been used against Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) [9][10][11], Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV) [12], Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) [13][14][15], Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) [16][17][18], Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) [19], Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) [20], Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) [21] and Tomato mosaic virus (T o MV) [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Low Temperature Induced Mutants of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus for Cross-protection in Cucurbits

Ali¹,

Ahmad²,

Nishigawa³

et al. 2015

J Plant Pathol Microbiol

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Low Temperature Induced Mutants of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus for Cross-protection in Cucurbits

Ali¹,

Ahmad²,

Nishigawa³

et al. 2015

J Plant Pathol Microbiol

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“…Pathogenderived resistance to CMV and other viruses works either through the triggering of RNA silencing against the transgene-encoded RNA, or through disruption of one or more stages of viral infection by constitutive expression of wild-type or mutant viral proteins by the host plant (Hellwald & Palukaitis, 1995;Beachy, 1997;Wintermanteldescribed as early as the 1920s by McKinney (1929) who showed that tobacco plants that had previously been inoculated with a tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) strain causing mild green mosaic symptoms were resistant to a subsequent challenge with a TMV strain that caused yellow mosaic symptoms. Cross-protection has been deployed commercially against a variety of viruses, including TMV and tomato mosaic virus (Rast, 1967a, b), papaya ringspot virus (Yeh & Gonsalves, 1984) and citrus tristeza virus (Costa & Müller, 1980), as well as CMV (RodriguezAlvarado et al, 2001). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cucumber mosaic virus mutant lacking the 2b counter-defence protein gene provides protection against wild-type strains

Ziebell

Payne

Berry

et al. 2007

Journal of General Virology

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Several plant virus mutants, in which genes encoding silencing suppressor proteins have been deleted, are known to induce systemic or localized RNA silencing against themselves and other RNA molecules containing homologous sequences. Thus, it is thought that many cases of cross-protection, in which infection with a mild or asymptomatic virus mutant protects plants against challenge infection with closely related virulent viruses, can be explained by RNA silencing. We found that a cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) mutant of the subgroup IA strain Fny (Fny-CMVD2b), which cannot express the 2b silencing suppressor protein, cross-protects tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) and Nicotiana benthamiana plants against disease induction by wild-type Fny-CMV. However, protection is most effective only if inoculation with Fny-CMVD2b and challenge inoculation with wild-type CMV occurs on the same leaf. Unexpectedly, FnyCMVD2b also protected plants against infection with TC-CMV, a subgroup II strain that is not closely related to Fny-CMV. Additionally, in situ hybridization revealed that Fny-CMVD2b and Fny-CMV can co-exist in the same tissues but these tissues contain zones of Fny-CMVD2b-infected host cells from which Fny-CMV appears to be excluded. Taken together, it appears unlikely that cross-protection by Fny-CMVD2b occurs by induction of systemic RNA silencing against itself and homologous RNA sequences in wild-type CMV. It is more likely that protection occurs through either induction of very highly localized RNA silencing, or by competition between strains for host cells or resources. INTRODUCTIONCucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is the type species of the genus Cucumovirus of the family Bromoviridae (Van Regenmortel et al., 2000). Based on serological relationships and sequence criteria, the species is divided into three distinct subgroups: IA, IB and II (Roossinck et al., 1999). CMV has the largest host range of any known plant virus and is transmitted in a non-persistent manner by aphids belonging to over 80 species. Taken together, these factors probably contribute to the worldwide distribution of the virus and its economic importance (Palukaitis et al., 1992;Palukaitis & García-Arenal, 2003). The CMV genome consists of three positive-sense RNA molecules. These are RNAs 1, 2 and 3, which also function as mRNAs for the synthesis of the 1a and 2a replicase proteins, and the 3a movement protein, respectively. During replication, subgenomic mRNAs encoding additional proteins are synthesized. The subgenomic RNA 4, derived from RNA 3, is the mRNA for CMV coat protein (CP) and RNA 4A, which is derived from RNA 2, is the mRNA for the multifunctional 2b protein (Ding et al., 1994). Direct control of CMV or prevention of its transmission by aphids by using insecticides is difficult to achieve. One promising approach for controlling CMV is the use of pathogen-derived transgenes in genetically modified plants (Palukaitis & Zaitlin, 1997;Gaba et al., 2004). Pathogenderived resistance to CMV and other viruses works either through the triggering of...

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“…These plants exhibit ''pathogen-derived resistance'' through a process that might be similar to the natural phenomenon of viral cross protection [68][69][70]. The cp of the PRSV is the dominant viral gene and has been the preferred choice of scientists in 11 countries to develop PRSV-resistant papaya through genetic engineering [11].…”

Section: Development Of Economically Important Traits In Papaya By Gementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in the development of transgenic papaya technology

Mendoza

Laurena

Botella

2008

Biotechnology Annual Review

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Abstract. Papaya with resistance to papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) is the first genetically modified tree and fruit crop and also the first transgenic crop developed by a public institution that has been commercialized. This chapter reviews the different transformation systems used for papaya and recent advances in the use of transgenic technology to introduce important quality and horticultural traits in papaya. These include the development of the following traits in papaya: resistance to PRSV, mites and Phytophthora, delayed ripening trait or long shelf life by inhibiting ethylene production or reducing loss of firmness, and tolerance or resistance to herbicide and aluminum toxicity. The use of papaya to produce vaccine against tuberculosis and cysticercosis, an infectious animal disease, has also been explored. Because of the economic importance of papaya, there are several collaborative and independent efforts to develop PRSV transgenic papaya technology in 14 countries. This chapter further reviews the strategies and constraints in the adoption of the technology and biosafety to the environment and food safety. Constraints to adoption include public perception, strict and expensive regulatory procedures and intellectual property issues.

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Evaluation of Induced Mutants of Papaya Ringspot Virus for Control by Cross Protection

Cited by 157 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of Low Temperature Induced Mutants of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus for Cross-protection in Cucurbits

Evaluation of Low Temperature Induced Mutants of Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus for Cross-protection in Cucurbits

A cucumber mosaic virus mutant lacking the 2b counter-defence protein gene provides protection against wild-type strains

Recent advances in the development of transgenic papaya technology

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