Evaluation of in vivo genotoxicity of cypermethrin in Drosophila melanogaster using the alkaline Comet assay

Abstract

The single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) assay, also known as the Comet assay, is one of the most promising genotoxicity tests developed in recent years to measure and analyse DNA damage in single cells. The present study was undertaken to assess the in vivo genotoxicity of the synthetic pyrethroid cypermethrin in brain ganglia and anterior mid gut of Drosophila melanogaster. Freshly emerged first instar larvae (22 +/- 2 h) were placed in different concentrations of cypermethrin (0.0004, 0.0008, 0.002, 0.2 and 0.5 p.p.m.) mixed in standard Drosophila food and allowed to grow. At 96 +/- 2 h, brain ganglia and anterior midgut from control and treated larvae were dissected out, single cell suspensions were prepared and a Comet assay was performed. Our results revealed a significant dose-dependent increase in DNA damage in the cells of brain ganglia and anterior midgut of D.melanogaster exposed to cypermethrin as compared with controls (P < 0.05 at 0.002 p.p.m.; P < 0.001 at 0.2 and 0.5 p.p.m.). The present study shows in vivo genotoxicity of cypermethrin even at very low concentrations, which proves D.melanogaster as a model for in vivo genotoxicity assessment using the Comet assay.

Evaluation of basil extract ( Ocimum basilicum L.) on oxidative, anti-genotoxic and anti-inflammatory effects in human leukocytes cell cultures exposed to challenging agents

“…The comet assay is one of the most promising genotoxicity tests developed to measure and analyze DNA damage in single cells (Mukhopadhyay et al, 2004). The test was used as a parameter for assessing the DNA damage index ( Figure 3D).…”

Potential Role of Mosquito Larvae <i>Culex Pipiens</i> as a Biological Indicator of Environmental Water Pollution in Egypt

“…These results may be due to DNA repair occurred which differ from the study of Yousef et al (2010) that there were a higher DNA damage in the mature adults with respect to the long period of feeding of Shistocerca gregaria on clover treated with CdCl 2 and PbCl 2 reflects the absence of repair mechanism. But there are many studies used the comet assay to observe DNA repair in irradiated cells (Isabel and Maria, 2014) and in different cells of Drosophila after exposure to different genotoxic agents (Bilbao et al, 2002;Mukhopadhyay et al, 2004;Siddique et al, 2005bSiddique et al, , 2013García -Sar et al, 2012;Sharma et al, 2012;Mishra et al, 2014;Gaivã o et al, 2014;Isabel and Maria, 2014).…”

DNA damage induced by industrial solid waste leachates in Drosophila melanogaster: A mechanistic approach

“…While most of the studies reported so far describe damage in brain cells of the fly, this study and earlier studies from this laboratory [Siddique et al, 2003;Mukhopadhyay et al, 2004] indicate that gut cells also are useful for studying DNA damage and repair.…”

“…For each treatment group, slides were prepared in duplicate according to the method of Mukhopadhyay et al [2004]. The cell suspension (80 ll) was mixed with 80 ll of 1.5% low melting point agarose (final concentration 0.75%).…”