Evaluation of In Vitro Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Anti-Quorum Sensing Activity of Edible Mushroom (Agrocybe aegerita)

Abstract

In the present study, ethanol extract obtained from the mycelial culture of Agrocybe aegerita was evaluated for its antioxidant activity as well for its potential to inhibit the virulence factor responsible for quorum-sensing activity and antibiofilm activity of pathogenic Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 strain. The extract of mushroom at different concentrations showed percentage inhibition in a dose-dependent manner for DPPH and nitric oxide assays with the lowest as 38.56 ± 0.11% and 38.87 ± 0.04% at 50 µg/mL and the highest as 85.63 ± 0.12% and 82.34 ± 0.12% at 200 µg/mL. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of functional group -OH, O-H bending bonds, C=C stretching, pyranose ring, and H-C-H stretch, confirming the presence of phenol, carotenoid, and ascorbic acid. HPLC analysis revealed that the concentration of gallic acid present in the extract is 27.94 mg/100 g which is significantly (p < 0.05) more than the concentration of rutin (i.e., 7.35 mg/100 g). GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 5-methyl-1-heptanol, 2-heptadecenal, phthalic acid, butyl hept-4-yl ester, 2-dodecanol, benzoic acid, TMS derivative. The extract showed significantly (p < 0.05) more inhibition of pyocyanin (61.32%) and pyoverdine (54.02%). At higher concentrations of mushroom extract, there was a significant (p < 0.05) reduction (56.32%) in the swarming motility of the test organism. The extract showed 72.35% inhibition in biofilm formation. Therefore, it has been concluded from the present study that mushroom extract, which is rich in phenolic compounds interferes with the virulence factor responsible for quorum sensing, thereby inhibiting biofilm formation, and can be utilized as therapeutic agents against multi-drug resistant pathogenic microorganisms.

Polyamines in Edible and Medicinal Fungi from Serbia: A Novel Perspective on Neuroprotective Properties

“…Conversely, the comparatively lower antioxidant activity observed in the C. aegerita in our study is consistent with the findings of Karaman et al [44], where a low DPPH activity and reduction potential were detected (45.3 ± 0.35 mg TE/g d.w. and 10.74 ± 0.09 mg TE/g d.w., respectively), while Petrović et al [41] reported a higher DPPH activity of an MeOH extract (EC 50 = 7.23 ± 0.18 mg/mL). Also, higher DPPH and NO scavenging abilities were demonstrated for the EtOH extract of C. aegerita from India at the same concentration tested-20 mg/mL (85.63 ± 0.12% and 82.02 ± 0.12%, respectively) [58]. Concerning the P. caesia extract, the notably low antioxidant activity may be linked to its very low TPC.…”

Changes of the Physicochemical Properties and Structural Characteristics of Alkali-Extracted Polysaccharides from Agrocybe cylindracea Across the Growth Process

“…They are rich in bioactive compounds, such as dietary fiber, polysaccharide, protein, and polyphenol . Mushrooms possess some popular biological activities, including antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties . In the clinical studies of cancer treatment, some mushroom supplements were found to reduce chemotherapeutic toxicity and improve quality of life .…”

“…3 Mushrooms possess some popular biological activities, including antitumor, 4 anti-inflammatory, 5 antioxidant, 6 and antimicrobial properties. 7 In the clinical studies of cancer treatment, some mushroom supplements were found to reduce chemotherapeutic toxicity and improve quality of life. 8 Although most mushrooms can be cultivated continuously and efficiently, the development and utilization of mushrooms are far from enough currently.…”