Evaluation of in vitro and in vivo Biological Activities of Cheilanthes albomarginata Clarke

Abstract

BackgroundThe Cheilanthes albomarginata Clarke (CA), a fern belonging to Pteridaceae family, is found mainly in India, Nepal, Pakistan and Bhutan at an altitude of 1300–2700 m. It grows mostly in the rock crevices on slopes. Juice from the rhizome of CA has been used to treat peptic ulcer. In this study, the biological activities (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-adipogenic and anti-obesity) of the extracts of CA were investigated. The total phenolic content of each extract was quantified. This is the first report regarding the study of biological activities on CA.MethodsIn the current study, the crude methanol and fractionated extract of the aerial part of CA were investigated for the antioxidant tests which were namely DPPH assay, hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay and nitrite scavenging assay. Their phenolic contents were measured by the Folin-Ciocalteu’s method.In vitro anti-inflammatory and anti-adipogenic assays were evaluated against the RAW 264.7 macrophage cells and 3 T3-L1 cells respectively. The crude methanol extract and phenolic fraction (combination of ethyl acetate and butanol fraction) were studied for the in vivo anti-obesity test using male Sprague Dawley rats.ResultsThe ethyl acetate fraction showed the strongest DPPH radical scavenging (82.54 ± 0.48%), hydrogen peroxide scavenging (3.41 ± 0.21 mg/ml) and nitrite scavenging activity (61.39%). The highest phenolic content was found in the ethyl acetate fraction followed by the butanol fraction. The ethyl acetate fraction showed the highest in vitro anti-inflammatory and anti-adipogenic activities. From the in vivo study on rats, the crude methanol extract and phenolic fraction showed plasma triglyceride lowering activity as well as reduction of weight of adipose tissue in high fat diet induced obese rats.ConclusionThe current study suggests that the ethyl acetate and butanol extracts of CA are potential source for antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-adipogenic remedies. In addition to that the results of in vivo studies evidenced the possibility of CA as a source of anti-obesity drug remedies.

Role of Antioxidants and Natural Products in Inflammation

“…Various fractions were isolated from the extract and ethyl acetate fraction showed the strongest in vitro antioxidant properties including phenolic content, DPPH radical scavenging, hydrogen peroxide scavenging, and nitrite scavenging activity. The in vitro anti-inflammatory and antiadipogenic properties were measured in inflammation stimulated cells and ethyl acetate fraction showed the significant anti-inflammatory and antiadipogenic activities [ 63 ].…”

Antibacterial, Antifungal, Antiviral, and Anthelmintic Activities of Medicinal Plants of Nepal Selected Based on Ethnobotanical Evidence

“…Six flavonoid compounds (kumatakenin 5-Oβ-glucoside, kaempferol-7-methyl ether, rhamnocitrin 3-O-β-glucoside, and kaempferol 3-O-β-glucoside) were isolated and identified from the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of this plant, which has shown anti-inflammatory and antiadipogenic activities. From the in vivo study in rats, the crude methanol extract and phenolic fraction showed plasma triglyceride-lowering activity, as well as a reduction of weight of adipose tissue in high-fat-diet-induced obese rats [53].…”

Glycosmis pentaphylla (Retz.) DC arrests cell cycle and induces apoptosis via caspase-3/7 activation in breast cancer cells

“…Reactive oxygen species at high levels can have a deleterious effects on living systems leading to damage of cell structures, including lipids, proteins, and DNA (Lamichhane et al, 2014).…”