Evaluation of improved methods for the recovery and detection of organic and inorganic cartridge discharge residues

Speers, S. James; Doolan, K.P.; McQuillan, Jonathan S.; Wallace, James S.

doi:10.1016/0021-9673(94)85237-5

Cited by 33 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…OGSR collection on clothing using stubs might not be the best option to target that type of surfaces. Indeed, many studies successfully used vacuuming to recover GSR [34,35,38,52,53]. In this study, stubs were chosen for sake of straightforward comparison with results on skin, but in practice better efficiencies might be obtained using other collection methods.…”

Section: Transfer Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of transfer and prevalence of organic gunshot residues

Hofstetter

Maitre

Beavis

et al. 2017

Forensic Science International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The main goal of the present study was to determine the amounts and distribution of organic gunshot residues (OGSR) on the shooter's upper body and clothing after discharging a pistol. A preliminary study was also performed to evaluate the prevalence of OGSR in the general population as well as in a police laboratory environment. In the transfer study, results indicated that OGSR are not only transferred to the hand of the shooter, but also to other parts of the upper body. Thus, wrists and forearms also represent interesting targets as they are washed less frequently than hands. Samples from the face and hair of the shooters resulted in no OGSR detection just after firing. It was also observed that the concentrations recovered from clothing are generally higher compared to the same skin area. Prevalence in both general (n=27) and police populations (n=25) was low. No OGSR was detected in the samples from the general population and only two samples from the police population were found positive.

show abstract

Section: Transfer Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of transfer and prevalence of organic gunshot residues

Hofstetter

Maitre

Beavis

et al. 2017

Forensic Science International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Plasticizers such as dibutylphthalate (DBP) and some reaction products of the stabilizers like 2-nitrodiphenylamine (2-NDPA) and 4-NDPA can also be present, in small quantities. Numerous studies have been published on the analysis of GSR by various analytical methods (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Method for the Analysis of Discharged Smokeless Powder Residues

Müller

Levy

Vinokurov

et al. 2006

Journal of Forensic Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A novel method for the estimation of intermediate-long firing distance range is proposed. The method is based on the characterization and chemical analysis of the smokeless powder particles on the target. An adhesive lifter is applied to collect the suspected gunshot residues (GSRs) from the surface of an object, and a Modified Griess Test (MGT) is carried out after alkaline hydrolysis on the adhesive lifter. Visualized particles are removed from the adhesive lifter under a microscope. Two systems are used for the analysis of organic discharge residues from the smokeless powder: (1) gas chromatography/thermal energy analysis (GC/TEA) for the analysis of nitroglycerine (NG) and 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT), (2) gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) for the identification of organic components such as DNT, NG, and some stabilizers. By using this procedure and confirming that the suspected particles are indeed GSR, one can estimate the intermediate-long firing distance of c. 0.75-3 m in the presence of very few particles and provide information for the classification of ammunition type in casework.

show abstract

“…Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC ⁄ MS) and highperformance liquid chromatography with a pendant mercury drop electrode (HPLC ⁄ PMDE) (23) have been applied for the analysis of NG, 2, 4-dinitrotoluene (2, 4-DNT), DPA, EC, and MC.…”

Section: Review Of Analytical Techniques Applied To the Analysis Of Gsrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Quantitative LC‐MS/MS Method for the Analysis of Common Propellant Powder Stabilizers in Gunshot Residue*

Laza

Nys

Kinder

et al. 2007

Journal of Forensic Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In traditional scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray analysis of gunshot residue (GSR), one has to cope more and more frequently with limitations of this technique due to the use of lead-free ammunition or ammunition lacking heavy metals. New methods for the analysis of the organic components of common propellant powder stabilizers were developed based on liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). A multiple reactions monitoring scanning method was created for the screening of akardite II, ethylcentralite, diphenylamine, methylcentralite, N-nitrosodiphenylamine, 2-nitrodiphenylamine, and 4-nitrodiphenylamine, present in standards mixtures. Five out of seven of these target compounds can be selectively identified and distinguished from the two others with a high accuracy. Samples from the hands of a shooter were collected by swabbing and underwent solid phase extraction prior to analysis. Detection limits ranging from 5 to 115 mug injected were achieved. Results from several firing trials show that the LC-MS/MS method is suitable for the detection of stabilizers in samples collected following the firing of 9 mm Para ammunitions.

show abstract

Evaluation of improved methods for the recovery and detection of organic and inorganic cartridge discharge residues

Cited by 33 publications

References 9 publications

A study of transfer and prevalence of organic gunshot residues

A study of transfer and prevalence of organic gunshot residues

A Novel Method for the Analysis of Discharged Smokeless Powder Residues

Development of a Quantitative LC‐MS/MS Method for the Analysis of Common Propellant Powder Stabilizers in Gunshot Residue*

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About