Evaluation of improved lowland sorghum (<i>Sorghum Bicolor</i> (L.) Moench) varieties in Southern Ethiopia

Markos, Selamawit; Simion, Tariku; Samuel, Tamirat

doi:10.1080/23311932.2020.1727624

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Also, lower GY found from Derashe might not be linked only to TLB epidemic development but also adaptability of the evaluated sorghum genotypes to the arena might be other factors that could lead to trimmed GY of the evaluated genotypes. Research work has been done by Getachew et al [12], Blum et al [52], Teressa et al [56], Can and Yoshida [58], Kassahun et al [59], and Markos et al [60] showed that growth, yield, and yield-related characters performance found significant variations between and among the evaluated sorghum genotypes for the studied parameters. As suggested by the authors, a significant difference is ascribed to the presence of variability among genetic makeup genotypes, environmental adaptability of genotypes, weather conditions, biotic constraints, and other factors.…”

Section: Growth Yield and Yield-related Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of sorghum genotypes for turcicum leaf blight [Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) Leonard and Suggs] and agronomic performances in southern Ethiopia

Tesema¹,

Mengesha²,

Dojamo³

et al. 2022

Int. J. Sci. Res. Arch.

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A field study consisting of fourteen sorghum genotypes was conducted to determine turcicum leaf blight (TLB) intensity, resistant reactions, and agronomic performance of sorghum genotypes at Arba Minch and Derashe, southern Ethiopia. The study was carried out during the 2018 cropping year (March to July). A significant (P < 0.05 to < 0.0001) variations were observed in the magnitude of TLB intensity, resistant reactions and agronomic parameters among the evaluated sorghum genotypes as well as locations. The results indicated broad ranges of difference in disease progress rate with 0.0138 (Seredo) to 0.0392 (Rara) units day-1 at Arba Minch and 0.0138 (Kentera) to 0.0392 (Rara) units day-1 at Derashe were observed on the evaluated genotypes. The results also showed wide ranges of variations in incidence (71.15–83.51%) on average for the two locations. The highest mean severity (59.80 and 83.60%) and area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) (988.65 and 1261.38%-days) were noticed from genotype Rara at Arba Minch and Derashe, respectively. The lowest mean severity and AUDPC were noted from genotype Gambella with 7.97 and 13.64% and 132.66 and 214.84%-days at Arba Minch and Derashe, respectively. Based on TLB mean severity score, sorghum genotypes were categorized as 42 and 29% resistant, 35 and 35% moderately resistant, and 23 and 28% susceptible at Arba Minch and Derashe, respectively. In addition, significant genotypic differences were observed for crop phenology, growth, yield, and yield-related parameters. The genotypes, 76TI#23 (4444.44 kg ha-1) and Melkam (4444.44 kg ha-1) (at Arba Minch) and Dekeba (1333.33 kg ha-1) (at Derashe) showed the highest grain yields as compared to the other genotypes in the two locations. Various association degrees were observed between disease scores and crop parameters. Overall results pointed out that genotypes such as 76TI#23, Meko-1, Seredo, and Gambella-1107 exhibited consistent resistance reaction to TLB, although they showed variable grain yield potential across the locations. The genotype 76TI#23 is suggested to the producers with appropriate field management practices for sorghum production, and Gambella-1107, Seredo, 76TI#23, and Meko-1 used as a source of parental material for TLB resistance development in a future breeding program.

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Section: Growth Yield and Yield-related Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of sorghum genotypes for turcicum leaf blight [Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) Leonard and Suggs] and agronomic performances in southern Ethiopia

Tesema¹,

Mengesha²,

Dojamo³

et al. 2022

Int. J. Sci. Res. Arch.

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“…The completed sequencing of the sorghum genome makes it a key model system for understanding the drought-responsive molecular mechanisms in plants [ 4 ]. Sorghum ranks as the fifth most significant crop across the globe after maize, rice, wheat and barley [ 5 , 6 ]. It is cultivated for food, feed and biofuel production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Proteomics Analysis between Maize and Sorghum Uncovers Important Proteins and Metabolic Pathways Mediating Drought Tolerance

Ali

Husselmann

Tabb

et al. 2023

Life

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Drought severely affects crop yield and yield stability. Maize and sorghum are major crops in Africa and globally, and both are negatively impacted by drought. However, sorghum has a better ability to withstand drought than maize. Consequently, this study identifies differences between maize and sorghum grown in water deficit conditions, and identifies proteins associated with drought tolerance in these plant species. Leaf relative water content and proline content were measured, and label-free proteomics analysis was carried out to identify differences in protein expression in the two species in response to water deficit. Water deficit enhanced the proline accumulation in sorghum roots to a higher degree than in maize, and this higher accumulation was associated with enhanced water retention in sorghum. Proteomic analyses identified proteins with differing expression patterns between the two species, revealing key metabolic pathways that explain the better drought tolerance of sorghum than maize. These proteins include phenylalanine/tyrosine ammonia-lyases, indole-3-acetaldehyde oxidase, sucrose synthase and phenol/catechol oxidase. This study highlights the importance of phenylpropanoids, sucrose, melanin-related metabolites and indole acetic acid (auxin) as determinants of the differences in drought stress tolerance between maize and sorghum. The selection of maize and sorghum genotypes with enhanced expression of the genes encoding these differentially expressed proteins, or genetically engineering maize and sorghum to increase the expression of such genes, can be used as strategies for the production of maize and sorghum varieties with improved drought tolerance.

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“…In the Eastern Harerge zone, sorghum and maize comprised 28.11%, 26.55%, 31.18%, and 29.67%, respectively, of the cereal cultivated areas and the zone's production (Markos et al, 2020). In the past, economic analyses of technology adoption have tried to explain adoption behavior based on a person's endowments and personal qualities, inadequate knowledge, risks, and institutional restrictions, as well as input availability and infrastructures (Balehegn et al, 2020;Mwangi & Kariuki, 2015;Umar, 2014;Workineh et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adoption of Improved Sorghum Variety (Melkam) and Its Impact on Household Food Security in Babile District, Eastern Ethiopia

Mumed¹,

Habib²

2023

JADHUR

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This study aimed to examine the adoption of an improved sorghum variety (melkam) and its impact on smallholder farmers’ food security in Babile district, Eastern Harerghe zone, Oromia regional state, Ethiopia. A mixed research methodology was used to utilize both quantitative and qualitative strategies for data gathering and analysis. A multistage sampling process was applied to choose the 320 sample household heads. Literature was reviewed for secondary data. The results of the descriptive statistics indicated that 47.5% and 52.5% of the sample households adopted and did not adopt enhanced sorghum varieties, respectively. According to the findings of the binary logistic regression, factors that positively influenced farmers' decisions to adopt improved sorghum varieties included years of education, land holding, incomes, the availability of credit services, extension contact, and farmer cooperatives. In contrast, factors that adversely impacted farmers' judgments included household head age and market distance. Hence, this upshot concludes that improving educational levels, creating a fine line for credit access, and enhancing farmer cooperatives are needed to improve sorghum variety adoption.

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Evaluation of improved lowland sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) varieties in Southern Ethiopia

Cited by 4 publications

References 1 publication

Response of sorghum genotypes for turcicum leaf blight [Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) Leonard and Suggs] and agronomic performances in southern Ethiopia

Response of sorghum genotypes for turcicum leaf blight [Exserohilum turcicum (Pass.) Leonard and Suggs] and agronomic performances in southern Ethiopia

Comparative Proteomics Analysis between Maize and Sorghum Uncovers Important Proteins and Metabolic Pathways Mediating Drought Tolerance

Adoption of Improved Sorghum Variety (Melkam) and Its Impact on Household Food Security in Babile District, Eastern Ethiopia

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