Evaluation of implementation of the primary, secondary and tertiary prevention measures of the Surveillance Program of Gestational and Congenital Toxoplasmosis in the city of Londrina‐PR

Abstract

Toxoplasmosis acquired during pregnancy is one that can lead to death or malformations of the foetus, and it is a complex disease to diagnose. The objective of the study was to evaluate the Surveillance Program of Gestational and Congenital Toxoplasmosis. To assess primary prevention, 424 pregnant women were interviewed regarding their knowledge of prevention measures in 2019. Secondary prevention measures were assessed, and the results of anti‐Toxoplasma gondii serological tests were collected from pregnant women, from 2015 to 2018. In tertiary prevention measures, babies of mothers with a recent suspicion of T. gondii infection were screened to verify forwarding to the reference service. As a result, 45.5% (192/424) reported that they had received guidance from health professionals; 35.4% (68/192) changed their risk habits. The variables of schooling and age, having received prior guidance from health professionals and feline possession, proved to be significant when associated with the notions of preventive measures. 90.2% (17,423/19,319) of pregnant women had undergone serological tests to detect anti‐T. gondii antibodies, but there was an excess in requests for tests and medication and only 40.6% (26/64) of the children were referred to the reference hospital. The Program presents positive results about the performance of serological screening in prenatal care; however, the dissemination of knowledge as for the prevention of toxoplasmosis and the request for tests need to be improved.

Toxoplasmosis gestacional: desenlaces obstétricos y resultados perinatales en un hospital de referencia en Medellín, Colombia. 2015-2021. Un estudio descriptivo

“…Por otra parte, se encontró que más del 90% de las pacientes tenían pruebas serológicas para determinar el diagnóstico prenatal, pero la edad gestacional no fue oportuna (posterior a la semana 16), y por lo tanto no se cumplió con un diagnóstico y tratamiento adecuados, lo cual contrasta con lo reportado por otros sistemas de salud como lo describe Paschoal, et al 20 , donde a un 90,2% de las gestantes les realizaron oportunamente las serologías para detección de anticuerpos para T. gondii. Es importante resaltar que, en las pacientes referidas a nuestra institución, la prueba de avidez como prueba confirmatoria se realizó en un porcentaje bajo lo cual pudiera ser explicado por el ingreso tardío o la demora en la realización e interpretación de las pruebas, generando así la necesidad de amniocentesis para realizar reacción en cadena de polimerasa en líquido amniótico y aumentando los riesgos materno-perinatales y costos en el sistema de salud.…”