Evaluation of Impact of Active Grille Shutter on Vehicle Thermal Management

El-Sharkawy, Alaa; Kamrad, Joshua C.; Lounsberry, Todd H.; Baker, Gary; Rahman, Sadek

doi:10.4271/2011-01-1172

Cited by 37 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“… C D = 0 . 011 ) was demonstrated when enclosing the front grill of a conventional passenger vehicle. 17 In addition, simplifying the wheels and wheel wells causes a drag reduction as no flow separation is induced by the wheel rims, tyre tread and suspension consequently allowing the flow to reattach to the wheel outer side. 19 Finally, smoothing the underbody increases the velocity gradients along the vehicle and causes a stronger upwash induced by the rear diffuser, which alters the closure of the wake when compared to the CFD simulations.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerodynamics of electric cars in platoon SAGE publications

Ebrahim

Dominy

Martin

2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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The potential aerodynamic benefits of operating full-scale electric vehicles in platoons of 2 and 3 vehicles have been investigated. Since drag reduction has a direct impact on vehicle range, power consumption was measured directly and surface pressure measurements were made to characterise the changes in pressure field that influence the power required to overcome aerodynamic drag. CFD simulations were validated against the track measurements to assess the limitations of using a practical, limited number of pressure tappings to measure drag. The overall power consumption for the whole platoon was found to reduce proportionally with the reduction of vehicle spacing and it was also observed that increasing the number of vehicles in the platoon from 2 to 3 further increased the power savings from 33.4% to 39.1%. These power savings were attributed primarily to changes in surface pressure acting on the base of the leading vehicle and the forebody of the trailing vehicle.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerodynamics of electric cars in platoon SAGE publications

Ebrahim

Dominy

Martin

2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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“…The aerodynamic drag acts in the opposite direction of the driving direction of the vehicle and can considerably influence the maximum speed, fuel economy, and energy efficiency of the vehicle. Therefore, various devices for aerodynamic drag reduction, such as front grill shutters [1,2], wheel deflectors [3], and underbody fairings [4][5][6] have been widely applied. The downforce acts in the direction opposite to that of the lift and tends to push the vehicle toward the ground.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Study of Active Aerodynamic Control via Flow Discharge on a High-Camber Rear Spoiler of a Road Vehicle

Lee

Kim

2019

Applied Sciences

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In this study, a numerical investigation of the active aerodynamic control via flow discharge was performed on a two-dimensional simplified vehicle with a spoiler. The analysis was performed using computational fluid dynamics techniques based on the unsteady Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes equations. Unlike the conventional aerodynamic control methods, in which the control flow is forcibly injected to increase the lift or reduce the drag, the flow discharge method uses the ram air flow to reduce both the downforce and aerodynamic drag of a road vehicle. The technique of aerodynamic control via the flow discharge is applied to a simplified vehicle with a rear spoiler. For the isolated spoiler, at a discharge speed of 40% of the vehicle driving speed, the flow discharge at 75% of the chord exhibited a reduction of 4.5% and 1.8% in the aerodynamic drag and downforce reduction, respectively. For the vehicle with a spoiler, the drag and downforce were respectively reduced, on average, by 3.4% and 19.3% for a vehicle velocity range of 100–300 km/h; in this case, the discharge speed was 40% of the vehicle driving speed, and the discharge position was 75% of the chord owing to the interaction between the spoiler separation flow and vehicle wake.

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“…These results are consistent with recent studies reported in the literature. [35][36][37] From the known drag effects by radiator size according to the cooling module proposals, a virtual analysis of fuel consumption on the FTP-75 + HWFET driving cycle is presented in Figure 16. It shows that the proposal P3 has the highest accumulated fuel consumption at the end of the driving cycle, followed by P2, P1, and the baseline configuration.…”

Section: Effects Of Radiator Size and Fan Power On Vehicle Fuel Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal management of an internal combustion engine focused on vehicle performance maximization: A numerical assessment

Thomaz

Malaquias

Paula

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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In extreme ambient conditions, engine temperature and air charge temperature (ACT) can be so high that they compromise the vehicular performance. To preserve the structural engine reliability, it is necessary to reduce the load through an increase in the engine speed to maintain the power output, which minimizes fuel conversion efficiency degradation. However, high engine speeds also lead to enhanced friction losses and combustion frequency, which reduces the engine thermal efficiency. Therefore, this work seeks to numerically study the best thermal management strategy to minimize performance losses arising from an engine power derate strategy, while also optimizing the design of a cooling system to withstand extreme engine stress conditions, characteristics of the Davis Dam tests. Different radiator lengths and fan power were numerically simulated to conclude about the most influential parameter on fuel consumption in the FTP-75 + HWFET cycle. The results showed positive effects from the engine power derate strategy, and the engine speed control was able to mitigate up to 23% derate by cooling temperature. There was a 0.8% increase in fuel consumption for every 2.5% aerodynamic drag coefficient increase, which reinforces the need to perform robust thermal management procedures instead of oversizing a vehicular cooling system for high-load operation.

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Evaluation of Impact of Active Grille Shutter on Vehicle Thermal Management

Cited by 37 publications

References 5 publications

Aerodynamics of electric cars in platoon SAGE publications

Aerodynamics of electric cars in platoon SAGE publications

Numerical Study of Active Aerodynamic Control via Flow Discharge on a High-Camber Rear Spoiler of a Road Vehicle

Thermal management of an internal combustion engine focused on vehicle performance maximization: A numerical assessment

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