Evaluation of impact fatigue damage in glass/epoxy composite laminate

Azouaoui, Krimo; Azari, Z.; Pluvinage, G.

doi:10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2009.09.005

Cited by 70 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The delamination pattern is dependent upon the stacking sequence of the composite plate. A delamination crack preferentially propagates through a matrix rich area, which is relatively less resistant than that of a fiber pathway [18]. Delamination of the plies is the primary damage mode in a low-velocity impact test, and the delamination energy is directly related to the damage size.…”

Section: Force-time Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of stacking sequence on the penetration-resistant behaviors of T800 carbon fiber composite plates under low-velocity impact loading

Ahmad¹,

Hong²,

Choi³

et al. 2015

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Impact damages induced by a low-velocity impact load on carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite plates fabricated with various stacking sequences were studied experimentally. The impact responses of the CFRP composite plates were significantly affected by the laminate stacking sequences. Three types of specimens, specifically quasi-isotropic, unidirectional, and cross-ply, were tested by a constant impact carrying the same impact energy level. An impact load of 3.44 kg, corresponding to 23.62 J, was applied to the center of each plate supported at the boundaries. The unidirectional composite plate showed the worst impact resistance and broke completely into two parts; this was followed by the quasi-isotropic lay-up plate that was perforated by the impact. The cross-ply composite plate exhibited the best resistance to the low-velocity impact load; in this case, the impactor bounced back. Impact parameters such as the peak impact force and absorbed energy were evaluated and compared for the impact resistant characterization of the composites made by different stacking sequences.

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Section: Force-time Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of stacking sequence on the penetration-resistant behaviors of T800 carbon fiber composite plates under low-velocity impact loading

Ahmad¹,

Hong²,

Choi³

et al. 2015

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“…Some engineering materials also have laminated structures and for these materials impact strength is also a matter of concern. Glass fibre composites, for example, have good impact resistance but if the impacts are repeated they gradually weaken and fail as a result of build-up of microscopic damage (Azouaoui et al, 2010;Schrauwen and Peijs, 2002). This type of failure, known as impact fatigue, has not previously been investigated for mollusc shells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact damage and repair in shells of the limpet Patella vulgata

Taylor

2016

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Experiments and observations were carried out to investigate the response of the Patella vulgata limpet shell to impact. Dropped-weight impact tests created damage that usually took the form of a hole in the shell's apex. Similar damage was found to occur naturally, presumably as a result of stones propelled by the sea during storms. Apex holes were usually fatal, but small holes were sometimes repaired, and the repaired shell was as strong as the original, undamaged shell. The impact strength (energy to failure) of shells tested in situ was found to be 3.4-times higher than that of empty shells found on the beach. Surprisingly, strength was not affected by removing the shell from its home location, or by removing the limpet from the shell and allowing the shell to dry out. Sand abrasion, which removes material from the apex, was found to have a strong effect. Shells were also subjected to repeated impacts, which caused failure after 2-120 repetitions. In situ shells performed poorly in this test. It is proposed that the apex acts as a kind of sacrificial feature, which confers increased resistance but only for a small number of impacts. Microscopy showed that damage initiates internally as delamination cracks on low-energy interfaces, leading to loss of material by spalling. This mode of failure is a consequence of the layered structure of the shell, which makes it vulnerable to the tensile and shear stresses in the impact shock wave.

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“…Shown in Fig. 6a is the fracture surface of E-glass/epoxy cross ply laminate ([0/90/0/90/0/90/0/90/0]) observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) after low velocity impact [30]. Fig.…”

Section: Unidirectional Casementioning

confidence: 99%