Evaluation of immunophenotypic markers and clinico-hematological profile in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: implications for prognosis

Abstract

Objective: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is an adult leukemia presented with clonal accumulation of lymphocytes. Immunophenotypic changes can be effective in predicting clinical course, the survival of patients, and determining first-line treatment. This is a study of the association between immunophenotypic markers with complete blood cell count (CBC) values and clinical parameters. Results: Peripheral blood samples were collected from 35 newly diagnosed CLL patients. The expression of immunophenotypic markers and CBC were evaluated. Platelet counts and hemoglobin concentration had a significant, inverse association with Rai staging, modified Rai staging, Binet staging systems (all p < 0.001 in both parameters), and splenomegaly (p = 0.001 and 0.007, respectively). The platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) had a significant, inverse association with Rai staging (p = 0.014), modified Rai staging (p = 0.024), Binet staging systems (p = 0.027), and splenomegaly (p = 0.033). However, CD38, CD25, and double-positive CD56/CD117 expression, group 3 of innate lymphocyte cells (ILC3s), had no significant association with clinical parameters. In regression analysis, that ILC3s has an inverse correlation with neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (r = −0.340, p = 0.046). Given that there is an inverse association between PLR and advanced clinical stages, it seems that PLR may have prognostic value in CLL.

Study of immunophenotypic markers and clinico-hematological findings in chronic lymphocytic leukemia

“…8 as well as, immunophenotypic analysis by flow-cytometry regarded as a gold standard test in confirmation of CLL diagnosis and typically performed in all patients with lymphocytosis. 5 the leukemic cells of CLL have the characteristic immunophenotypic profile including positive expression of CD5, CD19 and CD23, and usually weak expression of CD20, CD22, CD79b, sIg (IgM, IgD) and negative expression of CD10 and FMC7, 9,10 The population's clonality is demonstrated by monoclonal kappa and lambda light chains analysis ,the leukemic cells express either kappa or lambdalight chains. 11 the immunophenotyping of CLL is considered in the specific scoring system for diagnosis of CLL and in the differentiation of CLL from other mature B-cell neoplasms.…”