Evaluation of immunization with tachyzoite excreted–secreted proteins in a novel susceptible mouse model (A/Sn) for Toxoplasma gondii

Costa-Silva, Thaís A.; Meira, Cristina S.; Ferreira, Isabelle M.R.; Hiramoto, Roberto Mitsuyoshi; Pereira-Chioccola, Vera Lúcia

doi:10.1016/j.exppara.2008.07.015

Cited by 30 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…ESA vaccinated exhibited a profound decrease in parasite load following parasite challenge with a higher percentage of reduction in all examined organs then the ATV vaccinated group, statistically significant difference was found between the ESA group and the ATV group in the mean tachyzoites count of brain. Costa-Silva et al (2008) reported that ESA immunized mice had lower parasitaemia as well as longer survival then mice in the control group. Zenner et al (1999) have reported that purified ESA, namely GRA2 and GRA5, had a significant degree of organs' protection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A comparative study between excretory/secretory and autoclaved vaccines against RH strain of Toxoplasma gondii in murine models

et al. 2013

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Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan that has a major importance in public health, in addition to veterinary medicine. Therefore, the development of an effective vaccine for controlling toxoplasmosis is an important goal. Excretory/secretory antigens (ESA), were previously identified as potential vaccine candidates, proved to play important roles in the pathogenesis and immune escape of the parasite. In addition, autoclaved Toxoplasma vaccine (ATV) is a special type of killed vaccine, recently characterized. The aim of the present work was, to compare between excretory/secretory and ATV against RH strain of T. gondii in mice based on; parasitological and histopathological levels. Tachyzoites were harvested from peritoneal exudates of infected mice and were used for challenge infection and vaccine preparation. BCG was used as an adjuvant. Mice were allocated equally into five groups; they were vaccinated intradermally over the sternum. The results of this study showed that the survival time after challenge, extended up to 16 days in ESA vaccinated group and up to 15 days in autoclaved Toxoplasma vaccinated group. ESA vaccinated group exhibited a profound decrease in parasite load following parasite challenge with a higher percentage of reduction in parasite count in all examined organs than the autoclaved Toxoplasma vaccinated group. The histopathological picture of the liver in both immunized groups, revealed marked reduction in the pathological changes observed as compared to controls, especially in ESA vaccinated group. It was concluded that vaccination with ESA showed more promising results versus ATV, as demonstrated by the survival rate of vaccinated mice, tachyzoites count and histopathological examination.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is considered an important food-borne parasitic disease, transmitted primarily through meat consumption, mainly pork and lamb. It is also disseminated into the environment through food contaminated with oocysts shed in the stool of cats (Costa-Silva et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study between excretory/secretory and autoclaved vaccines against RH strain of Toxoplasma gondii in murine models

et al. 2013

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“…Indeed, it has previously been hypothesized that the secreted and surface molecules are mainly important for the establishment of infection, protecting the parasite from the early action of the host immune system and acting as invasive/evasive determinants [8]. In addition, it was reported in animal models that excreted/secreted molecules from other intracellular pathogens, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Toxoplasma gondii, contain highly immunogenic and protective antigens [9–11]. Furthermore, there is evidence that Leishmania promastigote culture filtrate proteins eliciting a strong protective immunity against the infection in BALB/c mice [12–14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Involvement of Different CD4⁺T Cell Subsets Producing Granzyme B in the Immune Response toLeishmania majorAntigens

Naouar

Boussoffara

Ahmed

et al. 2014

Mediators of Inflammation

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The nature of effector cells and the potential immunogenicity of Leishmania major excreted/secreted proteins (LmES) were evaluated using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healed zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis individuals (HZCL) and healthy controls (HC). First, we found that PBMCs from HZCL individuals proliferate and produce high levels of IFN-γ and granzyme B (GrB), used as a marker of activated cytotoxic T cells, in response to the parasite antigens. IFN-γ is produced by CD4+ T cells, but unexpectedly GrB is also produced by CD4+ T cells in response to stimulation with LmES, which were found to be as effective as soluble Leishmania antigens to induce proliferation and cytokine production by PBMCs from immune individuals. To address the question of regulatory T cell (Tregs) involvement, the frequency of circulating Tregs was assessed and found to be higher in HZCL individuals compared to that of HC. Furthermore, both CD4+CD25+ and CD4+CD25− T cells, purified from HZCL individuals, produced IFN-γ and GrB when stimulated with LmES. Additional experiments showed that CD4+CD25+CD127dim/− Tregs were involved in GrB production. Collectively, our data indicate that LmES are immunogenic in humans and emphasize the involvement of CD4+ T cells including activated and regulatory T cells in the immune response against parasite antigens.

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“…Three current methods for preparation of T. gondii ESAs are from cell-free media (14), cell culture (16), and peritoneal exudate of infected mice (23). As use of serum (including FBS) in cell culture media is an essential factor for growth and proliferation of cells and even after washing the cells several times with PBS traces of albumin may be observed in the contents of total ESAs by SDS-PAGE Technique (16); additionally, the existence of serum proteins in ESAs can bring about incorrect estimation of ESAs contents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, it is indispensable to produce an effective human vaccine against T. gondii . Immunization studies with virulent live parasites (6-8), killed parasites (9, 10), radiation-attenuated strains (11, 12), or parasitic antigens (13-16) showed only partial protection against T. gondii leading to research for other protective antigens. It has been demonstrated that the ESAs of T. gondii tachyzoites are highly immunogenic and thus might be good candidates for vaccine development against T. gondii (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrophoretic Patterns of Toxoplasma gondii Excreted/Secreted Antigens and Their Role in Induction of the Humoral Immune Response

Daryani¹,

Sharif²,

Kalani³

et al. 2014

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background:Toxoplasma gondii is an obligatory intracellular protozoan parasite on which studies are pending regarding production of vaccine. To date, the production of human vaccine has not been successful where approximately one third of the world’s population is thought to be infected with T. gondii.Objectives:The present study was designed to compare the electrophoretic patterns of T. gondii excreted/secreted antigens (ESAs) and determine their role in the stimulation of the humoral immune response.Materials and Methods:T. gondii ESAs were prepared from cell cultures (albino rat fibroblast) and cell-free mediums (RPMI-1640). Next, the SDS-PAGE technique was used for comparing molecular weights of the antigens. Forty C57BL/6 mice were divided randomly into four groups (n = 10). Immunization was performed subcutaneously at an interval of 2 weeks in two groups by injecting 100 µg of each of the above-mentioned antigens. Two groups, as negative control, also received fibroblast lysate proteins or adjuvant separately. All of the groups were then challenged with the T. gondii RH strain. Serum samples were collected from all mice and measured by immunoblotting technique for detection of immunogenic antigens.Results:The electrophoretic mobility of the prepared antigens/proteins from cell culture, cell-free media, Fibroblast Lysate Proteins and Toxoplasma Lysate Antigens (TLA) showed 13, 12, 8 and 8 bands, respectively. The case groups, in challenge with T. gondii (RH strain), showed more survival prolongation than the control groups. Furthermore, the survival period was identical for both case groups with a tendency for slightly higher survival of mice receiving ESA from cell-free medium. Analysis of sera by immunoblotting also revealed one band of 65 KDa in sera from both case groups.Conclusions:We suggest that this band be extracted and its amino acids sequence determined to produce Synthetic Polypeptide for immunization studies.

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Evaluation of immunization with tachyzoite excreted–secreted proteins in a novel susceptible mouse model (A/Sn) for Toxoplasma gondii

Cited by 30 publications

References 36 publications

A comparative study between excretory/secretory and autoclaved vaccines against RH strain of Toxoplasma gondii in murine models

A comparative study between excretory/secretory and autoclaved vaccines against RH strain of Toxoplasma gondii in murine models

Involvement of Different CD4⁺T Cell Subsets Producing Granzyme B in the Immune Response toLeishmania majorAntigens

Electrophoretic Patterns of Toxoplasma gondii Excreted/Secreted Antigens and Their Role in Induction of the Humoral Immune Response

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Evaluation of immunization with tachyzoite excreted–secreted proteins in a novel susceptible mouse model (A/Sn) for Toxoplasma gondii

Cited by 30 publications

References 36 publications

A comparative study between excretory/secretory and autoclaved vaccines against RH strain of Toxoplasma gondii in murine models

A comparative study between excretory/secretory and autoclaved vaccines against RH strain of Toxoplasma gondii in murine models

Involvement of Different CD4+T Cell Subsets Producing Granzyme B in the Immune Response toLeishmania majorAntigens

Electrophoretic Patterns of Toxoplasma gondii Excreted/Secreted Antigens and Their Role in Induction of the Humoral Immune Response

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Involvement of Different CD4⁺T Cell Subsets Producing Granzyme B in the Immune Response toLeishmania majorAntigens