Evaluation of IL-10, MCP-1, IFN gamma, and protectin D1 levels in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

Özışık, Hatice; Cekin, Ayse; Süner, Aslı; Durmaz, Burak; Özel, Buket; Günel, Nur Selvi; Ozgen, Gokhan; Erdoğan, Mehmet

doi:10.1007/s11845-022-03231-3

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 49 publications

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“…Additionally, it triggers the transcription and expression of a diverse array of cytokines, thereby facilitating their synthesis and release ( 45 ). Given its central role in the inflammatory response and immune regulation, researchers have developed numerous drugs targeting TNF-α for conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis ( 46 ) and Crohn’s disease ( 47 ). Notably, our study detected a negative association between TNF-α levels and HD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causal relationship between inflammatory cytokines and autoimmune thyroid disease: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis

Yao,

Guo,

Tan

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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BackgroundAutoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) ranks among the most prevalent thyroid diseases, with inflammatory cytokines playing a decisive role in its pathophysiological process. However, the causal relationship between the inflammatory cytokines and AITD remains elusive.MethodsA two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to elucidate the causal connection between AITD and 41 inflammatory cytokines. Genetic variations associated with inflammatory cytokines were sourced from the FinnGen biobank, whereas a comprehensive meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) yielded data on Graves’ disease (GD) and Hashimoto thyroiditis. Regarding the MR analysis, the inverse variance-weighted, MR-Egger, and weighted median methods were utilized. Additionally, sensitivity analysis was conducted using MR-Egger regression, MR-pleiotropy residual sum, and outliers.ResultsSeven causal associations were identified between inflammatory cytokines and AITD. High levels of tumor necrosis factor–β and low levels of stem cell growth factor–β were indicative of a higher risk of GD. In contrast, high levels of interleukin-12p70 (IL-12p70), IL-13, and interferon-γ and low levels of monocyte chemotactic protein–1 (MCP-1) and TNF-α suggested a higher risk of HD. Moreover, 14 causal associations were detected between AITD and inflammatory cytokines. GD increases the levels of macrophage inflammatory protein–1β, MCP-1, monokine induced by interferon-γ (MIG), interferon γ–induced protein 10 (IP-10), stromal cell–derived factor–1α, platelet-derived growth factor BB, β–nerve growth factor, IL-2ra, IL-4, and IL-17 in blood, whereas HD increases the levels of MIG, IL-2ra, IP-10, and IL-16 levels.ConclusionOur bidirectional MR analysis revealed a causal relationship between inflammatory cytokines and AITD. These findings offer valuable insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying AITD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causal relationship between inflammatory cytokines and autoimmune thyroid disease: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis

Yao,

Guo,

Tan

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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Assessment of thiol-disulfide and glutathione homeostasis after levothyroxine replacement in individuals with autoimmune or nonautoimmune hypothyroidism

Senat,

Erinc,

Yesilyurt

et al. 2024

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Objective Thyroid hormones are known to affect the biosynthesis and degradation of antioxidant compounds, suggesting a possible link between hypothyroidism and oxidative stress. However, there is no clear consensus in the literature regarding this association. The aim of this study was to evaluate oxidative stress markers (extracellular thiol-disulfide homeostasis and intracellular glutathione homeostasis) in patients with hypothyroidism due to autoimmune (Hashimoto’s thyroiditis) or nonautoimmune thyroid disease rendered euthyroid after levothyroxine replacement. Subjects and methods The study included 116 patients admitted to the Taksim Training and Research Hospital (Istanbul, Türkiye). Of these, 50 had hypothyroidism due to Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT group), 30 had nonautoimmune hypothyroidism (NAIH group), and 36 were healthy controls (control group). All participants were women. Extracellular thiol-disulfide homeostasis and intracellular glutathione homeostasis tests were assessed as oxidative stress markers. Results Thiol-disulfide homeostasis in both HT and NAIH groups was shifted toward the oxidative spectrum. Compared with the control group, the HT and NAIH groups had lower levels of native (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively) and total (p = 0.002 and p = 0.012, respectively) thiol, as well as a lower native thiol/total thiol ratio (p < 0.001 for both). The HT group also had higher disulfide levels than the control group (p = 0.027). Reduced glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) values were comparable across all three groups, but the HT and NAIH groups had higher GSSG/GSH (p < 0.001 for both) and GSSG/(GSH+GSSG) ratios (p = 0.003 and p = 0.005, respectively), along with lower GSH/(GSH+GSSG) ratio (p = 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively) than the control group. Conclusion Levothyroxine replacement was ineffective in ameliorating oxidative stress in patients with hypothyroidism due to Hashimoto’s thyroiditis or nonautoimmune causes, as extracellular thiol-disulfide homeostasis was notably altered in these patients compared with healthy controls. The findings of this study suggest that oxidative stress remains a prevailing issue in patients with autoimmune or nonautoimmune hypothyroidism even after euthyroidism is restored.

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Evaluation of IL-10, MCP-1, IFN gamma, and protectin D1 levels in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

Cited by 2 publications

References 49 publications

Causal relationship between inflammatory cytokines and autoimmune thyroid disease: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis

Causal relationship between inflammatory cytokines and autoimmune thyroid disease: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis

Assessment of thiol-disulfide and glutathione homeostasis after levothyroxine replacement in individuals with autoimmune or nonautoimmune hypothyroidism

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