Evaluation of <i>Venturia pyrina</i> virulence on European pear (<i>Pyrus communis</i>) cultivars by an in vitro methodology

Sokolova, Olga; Moročko‐Bičevska, Inga

doi:10.1111/jph.13002

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(137 reference statements)

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“…Notably, quite a large proportion of interactions considered incompatible were scored as 3a (moderately resistant), whereas most interactions considered compatible were Screening of Venturia inaequalis virulence and resistance of Malus genotypes to apple scab using in vitro methodology Olga Sokolova, Inga Moročko-Bičevska noted as partially susceptible (score 3b). The two types of interactions with scores 3b (partially susceptible, considered as compatible) and 3a (partially resistant) were possible to differentiate with confidence only when the evaluation was supplemented with microscopic examination, as noted before in similar studies (Pierantoni et al, 2007;Sokolova & Moročko-Bičevska, 2021). Similarly, as in other studies (Caffier et al, 2015), susceptible phenotype (score 4 reflected as "+") was rarely observed and often was not consistent among the tests.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…increasing or decreasing the concentration of spores in some sites and causing changes in tissue reaction (Caffier et al, 2015;Pétriacq, Stassen, & Ton, 2016). Similarly, as in experiments with pear detached fruits and leaves (Sokolova & Moročko-Bičevska, 2021), maintenance of leaves for more than two to three weeks was not possible that was needed to develop typical scab lesions with abundant pathogen sporulation. Such problems were not observed in tests with fruits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Screening of Venturia inaequalis virulence and resistance of Malus genotypes to apple scab using in vitro methodology

Sokolova

Moročko‐Bičevska

2022

Rural Sustainability Research

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The apple scab induced by Venturia inaequalis is an economically significant disease of apples worldwide and is predominantly controlled by multiple fungicide applications. Therefore, resistant apple cultivation is important for long-standing disease control. The knowledge about cultivar resistance is mainly founded on their evaluation in orchard conditions and testing in a greenhouse that is laborious and requires a large space. This study evaluated apple cultivar resistance and the virulence of V. inaequalis strains by inoculating detached leaves and immature fruits. Nine V. inaequalis strains originating from different apple-growing regions and host genotypes were tested on eight apple genotypes. Microscopic and macroscopic symptom development and host tissue reactions were monitored during the experiments. The tested V. inaequalis strains and cultivars showed different levels of virulence and resistance, respectively. Cultivar ‘Lobo’ was scored as partially susceptible, with almost all strains tested. The incompatible interaction with or without host tissue reactions was observed only on the cultivar ‘Priscilla’ with all the strains and field populations tested. The results of this study using detached leaves and immature fruits were concordant with the data obtained in the cultivar evaluation trials in the orchards.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of Venturia inaequalis virulence and resistance of Malus genotypes to apple scab using in vitro methodology

Sokolova

Moročko‐Bičevska

2022

Rural Sustainability Research

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Interspecificity of Scab Fungus Isolated from Wild Syrian Pear (Pyrus syriaca)

et al. 2023

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Scab on pear is caused by two pathogens, Venturia pyrina on European pear and V. nashicola on Asian pear. Five races of V. pyrina and seven races of V. nashicola have been reported thus far and pathological specialization occurs in both species. Among them, the five race isolates of V. pyrina were previously found from wild Syrian pear. In this study, mating and morphological characteristics of Venturia isolates from Syrian pear were compared with those of isolates from European and Japanese pear cultivated in Japan. The results from mating experiments showed that Syrian pear isolates were compatible with European pear isolates of V. pyrina to produce ascospores but were sterile with V. nashicola isolates in culture. Interestingly, however, the size and shape of conidia collected from naturally infected leaves of Syrian pear resembled those of V. nashicola. This finding may open the way to study coevolution between pear hosts and Venturia spp. in the future.

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An Overview of Pest and Disease Occurrence in Organic Pome Fruit Orchards in Europe and on the Implementation of Practices for Their Control

et al. 2022

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There is limited data regarding the specific problems faced by organic fruit growers when dealing with plant protection, particularly at a European Union level, though some general knowledge about pest and disease incidence can be found. Such information is crucial to improve the efficacy of a targeted knowledge transfer to organic fruit growers and advisors aiming at an increased adoption of innovative practices. A survey was thus carried out in seventeen European countries (16 EU member states and Switzerland), within the framework of the EU-funded project BIOFRUITNET, aiming at filling this knowledge gap also in terms of research needs. A questionnaire including a section about general aspects of orchard management (functional biodiversity, fertilization management, varietal/rootstock selection) and a section specifically dedicated to pest and disease occurrence and management in organic orchards was utilized to interview about 250 professionals (farmers and advisors), 155 of which were involved in pome fruits (including apple and pear) production. The analysis of the answers related to plant protection pointed out a varied situation about pest and disease occurrence in apple and pear orchards across Europe, though related to the zonal location of the respondent. However, more than 50% of respondents generally considered just few among the most damaging ones, normally co-occurring in the orchards. Interestingly, regardless of the respondents’ nationality or zonal location, more pests than diseases were indicated as relevant agents threatening organic pome fruits production. Nevertheless, only few measures promoting functional biodiversity in the orchards resulted in being broadly implemented in all regions. The analysis of the data underlines the strong demand for the development of a toolbox of measures that can be integrated successfully into the general orchard management strategy including the successful enhancement of functional or general biodiversity.

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Evaluation of Venturia pyrina virulence on European pear (Pyrus communis) cultivars by an in vitro methodology

Cited by 3 publications

References 42 publications

Screening of Venturia inaequalis virulence and resistance of Malus genotypes to apple scab using in vitro methodology

Screening of Venturia inaequalis virulence and resistance of Malus genotypes to apple scab using in vitro methodology

Interspecificity of Scab Fungus Isolated from Wild Syrian Pear (Pyrus syriaca)

An Overview of Pest and Disease Occurrence in Organic Pome Fruit Orchards in Europe and on the Implementation of Practices for Their Control

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