Evaluation ofIn VitroAntimalarial Activity of Different Extracts ofArtemisia aucheriBoiss. andA. armeniacaLam. and Fractions of the Most Potent Extracts

Mojarrab, Mahdi; Shiravand, Ali; Delazar, Abbas; Afshar, Fariba Heshmati

doi:10.1155/2014/825370

Cited by 34 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Malaria is a protozoal disease caused by parasites of the genus Plasmodium and primarily transmitted to human and other animals by a female anopheline mosquito [1,2]. Besides, there are uncommon modes of malaria transmission such as congenital, blood transfusions, organ transplantation, and contaminated needles [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimalarial Activity of Aqueous and 80% Methanol Crude Seed Extracts and Solvent Fractions of Schinus molle Linnaeus (Anacardiaceae) in Plasmodium berghei-Infected Mice

Habte

Nedi

Assefa

2020

Journal of Tropical Medicine

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Background. Malaria is among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity. Moreover, the emergence of resistance to antimalarial drugs is a major problem in controlling the disease. This makes the development of novel antimalarial drugs a necessity. Medicinal plants are important sources in discovering antimalarial drugs. Schinus molle is claimed for its antimalarial effect in Ethiopian folkloric medicine and endowed with in vitro antiplasmodial activity. In the present study, the in vivo antimalarial activity of the plant was investigated. Methods. Acute toxicity was carried out using a standard procedure. To screen the in vivo antimalarial potential of the S. molle against Plasmodium berghei (ANKA), a 4-day suppressive test was employed. The extracts and fractions were given to infected mice by oral gavage at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/day for four consecutive days. Parameters such as parasitemia were then evaluated. Results. Any sign of toxicity was not observed in the oral acute toxicity test. The crude extracts and solvent fractions exerted a significant (p<0.05) inhibition of parasite load compared to the negative control. The highest inhibition (66.91%) was exhibited by the 400 mg/kg/day dose of 80% methanolic crude extract. Among the fractions, chloroform fraction demonstrated maximal chemosuppressive effect (55.60%). Moreover, crude extracts and solvent fractions prevented body weight loss, reduction in temperature, and anemia compared to the negative control. Except the aqueous fraction, the tested plant extracts were able to significantly prolong the survival time of infected mice. Conclusion. The findings of the present study confirmed the safety and a promising in vivo antimalarial activity of S. molle, thus supporting the traditional claim and in vitro efficacy. In-depth investigations on the plant, however, are highly recommended.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimalarial Activity of Aqueous and 80% Methanol Crude Seed Extracts and Solvent Fractions of Schinus molle Linnaeus (Anacardiaceae) in Plasmodium berghei-Infected Mice

Habte

Nedi

Assefa

2020

Journal of Tropical Medicine

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“…It continues to remain among the top three infectious diseases (Malaria, tuberculosis and HIV) affecting billions of people globally [1]. Malaria kills more than one million individuals in the tropical and subtropical zones annually [2]. Pregnant women and children under 5 years of age are the most vulnerable to the disease [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo antimalarial activity of crude extracts and solvent fractions of leaves of Strychnos mitis in Plasmodium berghei infected mice

Fentahun

Makonnen

Awas

et al. 2017

BMC Complement Altern Med

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BackgroundMalaria is a major public health problem in the world which is responsible for death of millions particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Today, the control of malaria has become gradually more complex due to the spread of drug-resistant parasites. Medicinal plants are the unquestionable source of effective antimalarials. The present study aimed to evaluate antiplasmodial activity and acute toxicity of the plant Strychnos mitis in Plasmodium berghei infected mice.MethodsStandard procedures were employed to investigate acute toxicity and 4-day suppressive effect of crude aqueous and hydro-methanolic extracts of the leaves of Strychnos mitis against P. berghei in Swiss albino mice. Water, n-hexane and chloroform fractions, obtained from crude hydro-methanolic extract, were also tested for their suppressive effect against P. berghei.ResultsAll crude extracts revealed no obvious acute toxicity in mice up to the highest dose administered (2000 mg/kg). All crude and solvent fractions of the leaves of Strychnos mitis inhibited parasitaemia significantly (p < 0.01). At the highest dose of 600 mg/kg, both aqueous and hydro-methanolic extracts demonstrated higher performance with 95.5 and 93.97% parasitaemia suppression, respectively. All doses of crude extracts and fractions of leaves of Strychnos mitis prolonged survival time of infected mice dose dependently. The highest two doses of the crude aqueous and hydro-methanolic extracts, and chloroform and aqueous fractions prevented weight loss in a dose dependent manner. Whereas, all doses of n-hexane fraction prevented loss of body weight but not in a dose dependent manner. The crude aqueous extract at the doses of 400 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg and hydro-methanolic extract at all dose levels significantly (p < 0.01) prevented packed cell volume reduction. Crude aqueous extract at a dose of 600 mg/kg and hydro-methanolic extract at all dose levels significantly prevented temperature reduction. Phytochemical screening of the crude aqueous and hydro-methanolic extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, anthraquinones, glycosides, terpenoids, saponins, tannins and phenols.ConclusionThe results of this study provide support the traditional therapeutic use of Strychnos mitis for treatment of malaria. However, further in-depth study is needed to evaluate the potential of the plant towards the development of new antimalarial agent.

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“…It has been growing attention to this plant since the isolation of artemisinin because of its distinguished clinical effects as a potent antimalarial agent. 7 , 12 - 14 Artemisinin with an endoperoxide sesquiterpene lactone structure can abolish parasite of all stages by a reductive interaction with free heme, resulting in generation of some types of free radicals that could alkylate parasite proteins and damage membranes. Artemisinin also acts by blocking free heme biocrystallization (like 4-aminoquinolines) and hemoglobin degradation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Artemisinin also acts by blocking free heme biocrystallization (like 4-aminoquinolines) and hemoglobin degradation. 14 World Health Organization (WHO) recommended artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) as the first-line treatment of unsophisticated malaria in April 2002. 15 In the last few years, WHO has recommended withdrawal of the oral artemisinin-based monotherapies from the market due to the risk of emergence of artemisinin-resistant parasites; 14 , 16 therefore, several new researches have been conducted to find new natural sources of antimalarial drugs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro antimalarial activity of different extracts of Eremostachys macrophylla Montbr. & Auch.

et al. 2017

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Introduction:The risk of drug resistance and the use of medicinal plants in malaria prevention and treatment have led to the search for new antimalarial compounds with natural origin. Methods:In the current study, six extracts with different polarity from aerial parts and rhizomes of Eremostachys macrophylla Montbr. & Auch., were screened for their antimalarial properties by cell-free β-hematin formation assay. Results: Dichloromethane (DCM) extracts of both parts of plant showed significant antimalarial activities with IC50 values of 0.797 ± 0.016 mg/mL in aerial parts and 0.324 ± 0.039 mg/mL in rhizomes compared to positive control (Chloroquine, IC50 = 0.014 ± 0.003 mg/mL, IC90 = 0.163 ± 0.004 mg/mL). Bioactivity-guided fractionation of the most potent part (DCM extract of rhizomes) by vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) afforded seven fractions. Sixty percent ethyl acetate/n-hexane fraction showed considerable antimalarial activity with IC50 value of 0.047 ± 0.0003 mg/mL. Conclusion: From 6 extracts with different polarity of E. macrophylla,s aerial parts and rhizomes, the DCM extract of both parts were the most active extract in this assay. The preliminary phytochemical study on the VLC fractions of the most potent part persuades us to focus on purifying the active components of these extracts and to conduct further investigation towards in vivo evaluation.

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Evaluation ofIn VitroAntimalarial Activity of Different Extracts ofArtemisia aucheriBoiss. andA. armeniacaLam. and Fractions of the Most Potent Extracts

Cited by 34 publications

References 31 publications

Antimalarial Activity of Aqueous and 80% Methanol Crude Seed Extracts and Solvent Fractions of Schinus molle Linnaeus (Anacardiaceae) in Plasmodium berghei-Infected Mice

Antimalarial Activity of Aqueous and 80% Methanol Crude Seed Extracts and Solvent Fractions of Schinus molle Linnaeus (Anacardiaceae) in Plasmodium berghei-Infected Mice

In vivo antimalarial activity of crude extracts and solvent fractions of leaves of Strychnos mitis in Plasmodium berghei infected mice

In vitro antimalarial activity of different extracts of Eremostachys macrophylla Montbr. & Auch.

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