Evaluation of Human Enteric Viruses in Surface Water and Drinking Water Resources in Southern Ghana

Gibson, Kristen E.; Opryszko, Melissa C.; Schissler, James T.; Guo, Yayi; Schwab, Kellogg J.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0389

Cited by 60 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…whether the source water was contaminated or whether the household water was contaminated by an infected person or utensil. This would require further investigation as although NoVs have been detected in groundwater in Korea (Jung et al 2011) and Ghana (Gibson et al 2011), water in household containers is often more contaminated than the source water, with contamination occurring post-collection (Harris et al 2013). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Africa, the prevalence of NoVs has been investigated in both clinical (Mans et al 2010(Mans et al , 2014Hassine-Zaafrane et al 2013;Huynen et al 2013;) and environmental settings (Kamel et al 2010;Kiulia et al 2010;Sdiri-Loulizi et al 2010;Gibson 2011;Mans et al 2013;Murray et al 2013). Noroviruses have also been detected in shellfish collected along the Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic Coast of Morocco (Benabbes et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Norovirus GII.17 Predominates in Selected Surface Water Sources in Kenya

et al. 2014

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In this study the prevalence and genotypes of NoVs in selected water sources from rural, urban and refugee settings in Kenya was investigated. Ten liters each of river, household and borehole water were collected in rural (Mboone river), urban (Nairobi and Mutoine river), and refugee (Dadaab refugee camp) settings. Noroviruses were recovered from the water samples by a glass wool adsorption-elution technique and/or PEG/NaCl precipitation.Nucleic acid was extracted using the automated MagNA Pure platform. Noroviruses were detected with singleplex real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assays and characterised by nucleotide sequence analysis. Noroviruses were detected in 63% (25/40) of the selected water samples comprising GII (42.5%), GI (2.5%) and mixed GI/GII (17.5%) positive samples. The prevalence of NoVs in the Mutoine river (urban area) was higher than in the Mboone river (rural area) (P=0.0013). Norovirus GI.1, GI.3, GI.9, GII.4, GII.6, GII.12, GII.16 and GII.17 were identified, with GII.17 accounting for 76% (16/21) of the typed strains. The NoV GII.17 predominance differs to other studies in Africa and further surveillance of NoVs in clinical and environmental settings is required to clarify/elucidate this observation. As information regarding NoVs in Kenyan water sources is limited this report provides valuable new data on NoV genotypes circulating in environmental water sources and the surrounding communities in Kenya.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Norovirus GII.17 Predominates in Selected Surface Water Sources in Kenya

et al. 2014

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“…The most commonly studied species of enteric viruses are enterovirus (EV), adenovirus (AdV), genogroup A rotaviruses (GARV), hepatitis A and E viruses and more recently, norovirus (Leclerc et al, 2002;Abdel-Moety et al, 2008;Gibson et al, 2011). Similarly to enteric viruses, Torque teno virus (TTV), an emerging virus discovered from hepatitis patients and healthy persons as well, has a similar behaviour: it is relatively resistant to heat inactivation and also excreted by the fecal route (Bendinelli et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First description of Adenovirus, Enterovirus, Rotavirus and Torque teno virus in water samples collected from the Arroio Dilúvio, Porto Alegre, Brazil

et al. 2012

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Adenovirus (AdV), enterovirus (EV), genogroup A rotaviruses (GARV) and Torque teno virus (TTV) are non-enveloped viral agents excreted in feces and so may contaminate water bodies. In the present study, the molecular detection of these viruses was performed in samples of surface water collected from the Arroio Dilúvio, a waterstream that crosses the city of Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, receiving great volumes of non-treated sewage from a large urban area. Sampling was performed during 2009, in three different occasions (January, April and September). The highest detection rate was observed for EV (64.28%), followed by TTV (28.57%) and AdV (21.43%). Rotaviruses were not detected. More than on kind of tested virus was detected in five (35. 71%) of 14 samples. January was the month with the highest viral detection rate, being all samples, collected in this month, positive for at least one group of tested virus. The correlation between the detection of these different viral agents and environmental factors is discussed. To the knowledge of the authors, this is the first description of viral genomes in water samples taken from the Arroio Dilúvio, Porto Alegre (Brazil).

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“…In some instances, the high iron is thought to originate from corrosive groundwaters reacting with borehole casing and other pump components. High nitrate and microbiological contamination of shallow groundwater sources in urban and rural settings is a widespread threat to drinking water quality [34].…”

Section: Packaged Water Production and Hydrogeology In Ghanamentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic Distribution of Registered Packaged Water Production in Ghana: Implications for Piped Supplies, Groundwater Management and Product Transportation

Dzodzomenyo

Dotse‐Gborgbortsi

Lapworth

et al. 2017

Water

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Abstract:Packaged water consumption has grown rapidly in urban areas of many low-income and middle-income countries, but particularly in Ghana. However, the sources of water used by this growing packaged water industry and the implications for water resource management and transport-related environmental impacts have not been described. This study aimed to assess the spatial distribution of regulated packaged water production in Ghana, both in relation to demand for natural mineral water and hydrogeological characteristics. A total of 764 addresses for premises licensed to produce packaged water from 2009 to 2015 were mapped and compared to regional sachet water consumption and examined beverage import/export data. We found evidence to suggest that packaged water is transported shorter distances in Ghana than in developed countries. Groundwater abstraction for packaged water is low relative to piped water production and domestic borehole abstraction nationally, but may be locally significant. For natural mineral water, producers should be able to address the most widespread water quality hazards (including high salinity, iron and nitrates) in aquifers used for production through reverse osmosis treatment. In future, packaged water producer surveys could be used to quantify unregulated production, volumes of piped versus groundwater abstracted and treatment processes used.

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Evaluation of Human Enteric Viruses in Surface Water and Drinking Water Resources in Southern Ghana

Cited by 60 publications

References 38 publications

Norovirus GII.17 Predominates in Selected Surface Water Sources in Kenya

Norovirus GII.17 Predominates in Selected Surface Water Sources in Kenya

First description of Adenovirus, Enterovirus, Rotavirus and Torque teno virus in water samples collected from the Arroio Dilúvio, Porto Alegre, Brazil

Geographic Distribution of Registered Packaged Water Production in Ghana: Implications for Piped Supplies, Groundwater Management and Product Transportation

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