Evaluation of Histomorphological, Toxicological and Antimicrobial Activities of Ethanolic Extract of Calliandra portoricensis Root in Rodents

Enwuru, Veronica N.; Ogbonnia, SO; Mbaka, G. O.; Emordi, J.E.; Ota, Duncan; Onyebuchi, P

doi:10.9734/jpri/2017/34701

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…CP has been experimentally validated to exhibit anticonvulsant, antidiarrheal, antispasmodic, antipyretic, antirheumatic, and analgesic effects in humans 13,16 and in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity. 15,17 Complementarily, CP displayed anticholinergic, antacid, antiulcer, molluscicidal, and ovicidal activities in experimental animals. 13…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calliandra portoricensisameliorates ovarian and uterine oxido-inflammatory responses inN-methyl-N-nitrosourea and benzo[a]pyrene-treated rats

Adefisan

Madu

Owumi

et al. 2020

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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Reproductive dysfunction stemming from chemical agents may lead to infertility. We examined the protective effects of Calliandra portoricensis ( CP) extract on benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and N-methyl- N-nitrosourea (NMU)-induced ovarian and uterine toxicity in rat, treated as follows: control (group 1), NMU + BaP (group 2), groups 3 and 4 received (NMU + BaP), and CP (50 and 100 mg/kg), respectively. Group 5: CP (100 mg/kg) alone, group 6: (NMU + BaP) and vincristine (VIN: 0.5 mg/kg) and group 7: VIN alone. Rats were injected at age 7, 10, and 13 weeks with single doses of NMU and BaP for 10 consecutive weeks. NMU + BaP significantly ( P < 0.05) increased ovarian and uterine weight, and decreased bodyweight, while the organo-somatic index (OSI) of uterus and ovary increased 2.3 and 1.4 folds, respectively. CP co-treatment ameliorated the observed weight changes. Lipid peroxidation increased by 58% in the ovary, accompanied by decreases in ovarian and uterine GST, GPx, catalase activities, and total sulfhydryl level in NMU + BaP-treated rats. Uterine and ovarian myeloperoxidase activities, as well as nitric oxide levels also increased. CP co-treatment ameliorated the observed changes in antioxidant enzymes and inflammatory biomarkers. Furthermore, histopathology revealed fibrotic ovarian stroma, while uterine endometrium was infiltrated with inflamed cells. Immunohistochemistry showed weak expression of FSH, LH, p53, caspase-3, and Bax, whereas progesterone, iNOS, and Bcl-2 were strongly expressed in NMU + BaP-treated rats. CP treatment restored the architecture of these tissues. Conclusively, the root bark fraction of CP decreases oxido-inflammatory damage in ovarian and uterine tissues of NMU- and BaP-treated rats. Impact statement Infertility resulting from reproductive impairment is traumatic in families. Exposure to chemicals may play insidious roles not easily connected to infertility. We examined benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), and N-methyl nitrosourea (NMU)-induced ovarian and uterine toxicity and the role of Calliandra portoricensis in mitigating toxicity. In a bid to illuminate folk medical claims cloaked in mystery, unearthing lost knowledge, advance natural chemopreventive agents, and report new evidence lacking in the literature attributed to CP. Although CP is known to exhibit anticonvulsant, antidiarrheal, antipyretic, antirheumatic, and analgesic effects in humans, its possible roles for mitigating toxicity stemming from inadvertent chemical exposures are reported here. Our findings affirm and further show that CP abates toxic response incumbent on oxidative damage and inflammatory responses associated with NMU and BaP exposure. Development of phytochemical derived from CP may serve as a potential natural therapy against chemical toxicities in individuals inadvertently exposed, and promote human health and reproductive satiety.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calliandra portoricensisameliorates ovarian and uterine oxido-inflammatory responses inN-methyl-N-nitrosourea and benzo[a]pyrene-treated rats

Adefisan

Madu

Owumi

et al. 2020

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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“…Several of the traditional uses of CP have received scientific validation including antimicrobial, antiproliferative, Antiulcer and chemo preventive [29][30][31][32][33]. In Nigeria, the roots are traditionally important as an antimicrobial agent [34], in managing pain, ulcer and convulsions [35]. However, there has been no report on the detection and isolation of bioactive peptides from this plant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of peptide-rich root extracts of Calliandria portoriscensis (Jacq.) Benth (Mimosaceae) for in vitro antimicrobial activity and brine shrimp lethality

Ogbole

Ndabai

Akinleye

et al. 2020

BMC Complement Med Ther

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Background: Several Host defence peptides (HDPs) are low molecular weight (< 50 amino acids residues) peptides detected in several ethnomedicinal plants and have particularly gained research interest in recent times. Due to their wide range of bioactivity, occurrence, abundance and ability to induce very little resistance, they hold promising potentials in drug development. This study investigated the presence of bioactive peptides in the roots of Calliandra portoricensis (CPr) (Mimosaceae) and evaluated its antimicrobial activity against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria.Methods: The crude peptide extract was obtained and pre-purified on pre-loaded tube of RP-C 18 solid phase cartridges (strata giga tube C18-E; 5 g, 20 mL, Phenomenex, Germany). Peptide enriched fraction was chemically analysed for arginine-rich/aromatic amino acid-rich peptides using a modified G-250 analytical stain and ninhydrin on thin layer chromatography (TLC) for a preliminary screening. Furthermore, MALDI TOF/TOF peptidomics was used to detect the presence and masses of the peptides. Extracts from CPr were used to test the ability to inhibit microbial growth using p-INT (Para-iodonitrotetrazolium violet) dye, with 0.1% gentamycin as positive control. The concentration that inhibits the growth of microorganisms by 50% (IC 50 ) were determined. Toxicity of the two extracts was accessed using freshly hatched nauplii of Artemia salina. Data analysis were evaluated using Microsoft excel and GraphPad Prism5.Results: Low molecular weight (LMW) peptides were detected in CPr using TLC and MALDI-TOF MS. Generally, the extracts exhibited good inhibition (70-95%) against the gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, except MRSA6 typed strain. Enhanced activity was observed in the pre-purified peptide fraction than in the methanol crude, except on MRSA6. The greatest antimicrobial inhibition by pre-purified peptide fraction was against MRSA22 (IC 50 = 0.69 ± 0.33 μg/mL). The crude methanol extract (LC 50 = 5.13 μg/mL) was slightly more toxic than the peptide extract (LC 50 = 6.12 μg/mL).Conclusions: This is the first report on detection of bioactive LMW peptides in Mimosaceae family. These peptides appear to be rich in arginine and aromatic amino acids. The peptide extract, in its pre-purified form showed a lower Brine shrimp cytotoxicity and an enhanced antimicrobial activity against the tested gram-negative and grampositive bacteria.

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“…In addition, it has exhibited anticholinergic, antacid, antiulcer, molluscicidal, and ovicidal activities in laboratory animals (Aguwal and Lawal, 1988 ), as well as activity on cancer cells (Ogbole et al, 2017 ; Oyebode et al, 2019 ). The plant extracts have been reported to possess antimicrobial activity against the following pathogens: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecuim and Candida albicans, Enterococcus faecalis, and Streptococcus pneumonia (Adesina, 1982 ; Agunu et al, 2005 ; Enwuru et al, 2017 ). A pre-purified peptide fraction from C. portoricensis also showed promising anti-bacterial efficacy, including to methicillin-resistant S. aureus (Ogbole et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiparasitic and Cytotoxic Activity of Bokkosin, A Novel Diterpene-Substituted Chromanyl Benzoquinone From Calliandra portoricensis

et al. 2020

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Calliandra portoricensis is a medicinal plant growing freely in Nigeria. It is used traditionally to treat tuberculosis, as an anthelmintic and an abortifacient. Phytochemical fractionation and screening of its root extracts has yielded a novel (5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-4-oxo-1-chromanyl)-4-methoxy-p-benzoquinone (breverin)-substituted cassane diterpene, which was designated bokkosin. It was obtained from column chromatography of the ethyl acetate extract of the roots. The compound was characterized using IR, NMR (1D and 2D) and mass spectral data. Promising antiparasitic activity was observed against the kinetoplastid parasite Trypanosoma brucei brucei , as well as moderate activity against Trypanosoma congolense and Leishmania mexicana and low toxicity in mammalian cells, with the best in vitro EC 50 values against T. b. brucei (0.69 μg/mL against a standard laboratory strain, and its multi-drug resistant clone (0.33 μg/mL). The effect on T. b. brucei in culture was rapid and dose-dependent, leading to apparently irreversible growth arrest and cell death after an exposure of just 2 h at 2 × or 4 × EC 50 . The identification of bokkosin constitutes the first isolation of this class of compound from any natural source and establishes the compound as a potential trypanocide that, considering its novelty, should now be tested for activity against other microorganisms as well.

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Evaluation of Histomorphological, Toxicological and Antimicrobial Activities of Ethanolic Extract of Calliandra portoricensis Root in Rodents

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Calliandra portoricensisameliorates ovarian and uterine oxido-inflammatory responses inN-methyl-N-nitrosourea and benzo[a]pyrene-treated rats

Calliandra portoricensisameliorates ovarian and uterine oxido-inflammatory responses inN-methyl-N-nitrosourea and benzo[a]pyrene-treated rats

Evaluation of peptide-rich root extracts of Calliandria portoriscensis (Jacq.) Benth (Mimosaceae) for in vitro antimicrobial activity and brine shrimp lethality

Antiparasitic and Cytotoxic Activity of Bokkosin, A Novel Diterpene-Substituted Chromanyl Benzoquinone From Calliandra portoricensis

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