Evaluation of heterocyte glycolipids with a hexose sugar moiety for tracing terrestrial organic matter in the South China Sea

Kang, Manyu; He, Jianxing; Jia, Guodong

doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2023.121604

Chemical Geology

2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2023.121604

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Evaluation of heterocyte glycolipids with a hexose sugar moiety for tracing terrestrial organic matter in the South China Sea

Manyu Kang

Jianxing He

Guodong Jia

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2024

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“…Thus, complementary molecular proxies for quantifying the input of terrestrial organic matter to aquatic settings are still needed. These proxies may cross-validate other available terrestrial proxies, such as the δ 13 C of organic car-bon (Lamb et al, 2006), heterocyst glycolipids (Kang et al, 2023), and long-chain diols (Lattaud et al, 2017). Recently, a machine-learning approach (the BIGMaC model) was proposed to infer the origins of environmental samples (e.g., soil, peat, marine, and lake settings) based on their GDGT distributions (Martínez-Sosa et al, 2023).…”

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Environmental controls on the distribution of brGDGTs and brGMGTs across the Seine River basin (NW France): implications for bacterial tetraethers as a proxy for riverine runoff

Zhang,

Parlanti,

Anquetil

et al. 2024

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) are bacterial lipids that have been widely used as environmental proxies in continental paleorecords. Another group of related lipids, branched glycerol monoalkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGMGTs), has recently been proposed as a potential paleotemperature proxy. Nevertheless, the sources and environmental dependencies of both brGDGTs and brGMGTs along the river–sea continuum are still poorly understood, complicating their application as paleoenvironmental proxies in some aquatic settings. In this study, the sources of brGDGTs and brGMGTs and the potential factors controlling their distributions are explored across the Seine River basin (NW France), which encompasses the freshwater-to-seawater continuum. BrGDGTs and brGMGTs were analyzed in soils, suspended particulate matter (SPM), and sediments (n=237) collected along the land–sea continuum of the Seine basin. Both types of compounds (i.e., brGDGTs and brGMGTs) are shown to be produced in situ, in freshwater and saltwater, based on their high concentrations and distinct distributions in aquatic settings (SPM and sediments) vs. soils. Redundancy analysis further shows that both salinity and nitrogen dominantly control the brGDGT distributions. Furthermore, the relative abundance of 6-methyl vs. that of 5-methyl brGDGTs (the IR6Me ratio), the total nitrogen (TN), the δ15N, and the chlorophyll a concentration co-vary in a specific geographical zone with low salinity, suggesting that 6-methyl brGDGTs are preferentially produced under low-salinity and high-productivity conditions. In contrast to brGDGTs, the brGMGT distribution appears to be primarily regulated by salinity, with a distinct influence on the individual homologues. Salinity is positively correlated with homologues H1020a and H1020b and negatively correlated with compounds H1020c and H1034b in SPM. This suggests that bacteria living in freshwater preferentially produce compounds H1020c and H1034b, whereas bacteria that primarily grow in saltwater appear to be predominantly responsible for the production of homologues H1020a and H1020b. Based on the abundance ratio of the freshwater-derived compounds (H1020c and H1034b) vs. their saltwater-derived homologues (H1020a and H1020b), a novel proxy, the Riverine IndeX (RIX), is proposed to trace riverine organic matter inputs, with high values (>0.5) indicating a higher riverine contribution. We successfully applied RIX to the Godavari River basin (India) and a paleorecord across the upper Paleocene and lower Eocene from the Arctic Coring Expedition at Lomonosov Ridge, showing its potential applicability to both modern samples and paleorecords.

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Environmental controls on the distribution of brGDGTs and brGMGTs across the Seine River basin (NW France): implications for bacterial tetraethers as a proxy for riverine runoff

Zhang,

Parlanti,

Anquetil

et al. 2024

Biogeosciences

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Evaluation of heterocyte glycolipids with a hexose sugar moiety for tracing terrestrial organic matter in the South China Sea

Cited by 1 publication

References 72 publications

Environmental controls on the distribution of brGDGTs and brGMGTs across the Seine River basin (NW France): implications for bacterial tetraethers as a proxy for riverine runoff

Environmental controls on the distribution of brGDGTs and brGMGTs across the Seine River basin (NW France): implications for bacterial tetraethers as a proxy for riverine runoff

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