Evaluation of Herbicide Persistence in Soil*

Horowitz, M.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1969.tb01490.x

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…Independently from the soil, herbicide persistence also keeps a close relationship with the initial rate applied (Horowitz, 1969). In this trial it was determined that when increasing the rate, persistence of herbicides also increased, being this longer in San Cayetano soil for the three herbicides, results coincident with what wehe reported by Delmonte et al (1997).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Works done with atrazine, metribuzin and simazine, determined that OM was the main factor which explained their persistence, being the CEC and the clay content of less importance (Sheets et al, 1962;Sheets & Shaw, 1963;Horowitz, 1969). Therefore, the adsorption degree of these herbicides is positively correlated with OM content and negatively with their persistence.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The persistence of a herbicide in the soil is the result of the interaction of edaphic and climatic factors and of the very same herbicide. Between the former, the adsorption to the organic and inorganic colloids is one of the most influential ones according to the availability of the herbicide in the soil, existing a better correlationship between the organic matter (OM) content and the adsorption than the one that exists with clays (Sheets et al, 1962;Talbert & Fletchall, 1965;Horowitz, 1969). Triazine herbicides (atrazine and simazine) and triazinones (metribuzin) are found among the pesticides most widely used worldwide (Sattin et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Persistence of Atrazine, Metribuzin and Simazine Herbicides in Two Soils

Fuscaldo¹,

Bedmar²,

Monterubbianesi³

1999

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-An oat bioassay was conducted in pots under greenhouse conditions to determine the persistence of atrazine, metribuzin and simazine herbicides in soils of the southeast of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. Atrazine rates of 0, 0.58, 1.16 and 2.32 mg g -1 of active ingredient (a.i.), metribuzin rates of 0, 0.14, 0.28 and 0.56 mg g -1 of a.i., and simazine rates of 0, 0.72, 1.45 and 2.9 mg g -1 of a.i. dry soil weight were applied to pots containing soils from Balcarce and San Cayetano sites. Organic matter (OM) content and pH of Balcarce soil were 5.5% and 5.8%, while for San Cayetano soil were 2.9% and 6.7%, respectively. Relative dry weight (RDW) of oat shoots was calculated as percentage of control. Considering a 20% RDW reduction of oat shoots, persistences of recommended rates for the region were: atrazine (1.16 mg g -1 of a.i.), 78 and 130 days after treatment (DAT) for Balcarce and San Cayetano soil, respectively; metribuzin (0.28 mg -1 of a.i.), 63 and 77 DAT for Balcarce and San Cayetano soil, respectively; simazine (1.45 mg g -1 of a.i.), 81 and 156 DAT for Balcarce and San Cayetano soil, respectively. Results show that persistence of atrazine, metribuzin and simazine in soil increased with high rates, low OM content and high pH.Index terms: oat, organic matter, pH, herbicide rates, bioassay. PERSISTÊNCIA DOS HERBICIDAS ATRAZINE, METRIBUZIN E SIMAZINE EM DOIS SOLOSRESUMO -O presente trabalho foi realizado para estudar a persistência dos herbicidas atrazine, metribuzin e simazine em solos do sudeste da Província de Buenos Aires, Argentina, por meio de um bioensaio com aveia. Doses de atrazine de 0, 0,58, 1,16 e 2,32 mg g -1 de ingrediente ativo (i.a.), doses de metribuzin de 0, 0,14, 0,28 e 0,56 mg g -1 de i.a., e doses de simazine de 0, 0,72, 1,45 e 2,9 mg g -1 de i.a. de solo seco, foram aplicadas em vasos que continham solos de Balcarce e San Cayetano. O conteúdo de matéria orgânica (MO) e o pH do solo de Balcarce foram 5,5% e 5,8%, enquanto no solo de San Cayetano foram 2,9% e 6,7%, respectivamente. Com a parte aérea das plantas de aveia calculou-se o peso relativo da matéria seca (PSR) em relação ao tratamento sem herbicida. Considerando uma redução de 20% do PSR, as persistências nas doses recomendadas para os solos de Balcarce e San Cayetano foram, respectivamente: atrazine (1,16 mg g -1 de i.a.), 78 e 130 dias após tratamento (DAT); metribuzin (0,28 mg g -1 de i.a.), 63 e 77 DAT; simazine (1,45 mg g -1 de i.a.), 81 e 156 DAT. Os resultados indicam que a persistência foi maior com altas doses dos herbicidas, com baixo conteúdo de MO e alto pH dos solos.Termos para indexação: aveia, matéria orgânica, pH, doses de herbicidas, bioensaio.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Persistence of Atrazine, Metribuzin and Simazine Herbicides in Two Soils

Fuscaldo¹,

Bedmar²,

Monterubbianesi³

1999

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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“…Fluometuron is moderately persistent in soil (3,10). Studies conducted on silt loam or silty clay soils have shown 'This research was supported in part by a grant from the N. C. Peanut Growers Assoc.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Peanut Response to Fluometuron Applied to a Preceeding Cotton Crop1

York

1993

Peanut Science

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injury to wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) and hairy vetch (Vida villosa Roth.) planted in the fallor soybean [Glycine max (L:) Merr.] , rice (Oryza sativa L.), and cucumber iCucumis sativis L.) planted in the spring following cotton treated with fluometuron during the preceeding spring (18,19). Injury also has been observed on soybean and sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] planted as a replacement crop 6 to 9 weeks after cotton treated with fluometuron (11). In other studies, however, carryover was not observed with normal use rates of fluometuron (6,8). No studies have been conducted to determine the potential for fluometuron to carry over to peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.).Peanut commonly is grown in rotation with cotton in North Carolina. Fluometuron is applied PRE to virtually all cotton in the state (5). Herbicides applied POST-DIR to cotton improve control of broadleaf weeds and often increase cotton yield (12,13,21,23). Timing ofPOST-DIR herbicide application is critical; best results are obtained when POST-DIR herbicides are applied to small weeds. In most situations, the optimum time for application is when the cotton is 8 to 15 em tall (22). Fluometuron plus MSMA or DSMA is the only herbicide combination currently available for POST-DIR application to cotton at this growth stage. Growers are reluctant to apply fluometuron POST-D IR followinga PRE application because of fear of carryover to peanut.. . The objective ofthis study was to determme the potential for fluometuron carryover to peanut planted following cotton treated with fluometuron at various rates and numbers of applications.Key Words: Arachis hypogaea L., Gossypium hirsutum L., herbicide carryover, herbicide persistence, fiber quality, peanut grade, yield. ABSTRACTAn experiment was conducted to determine the potential for fluometuron to carry over to peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Fluometuron was applied preemergence to cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) at 1.12 and 2.24 kg ai ha as a broadcast spray or as a 30-cm band in 91-cm rows. Each preemergence application was followed by zero, one, or two postemergence-directed applications offluometuron at 1.12 kg ha· 1 plus MSMA at 2.24 kg ae ha' in a 30-em band. Herbicide treatments did not adversely affect cotton yield or fiber quality. Fluometuron injury was not observed on peanut planted the following year. Peanut yield, grade, and value were not affected by previous fluometuron treatments.

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“…In 1969, 1,333,377,000 pounds (Sll+,099,SOO kilograms) \lere produced here and it is estimated that Horowitz, 1969;Kearney, et a1., 1970). The most important factor determining the stability of a pesticide in the soil is the structure of the chemical itself (Edwards, 1966;Kearney, e~ al., 1970;Horowitz, 1969;Alexander, 1965a;Lichtenstein, 1972).…”

Section: Pesticide Persistencementioning

confidence: 81%

The effects of selected pesticides on ten isolates of terrestrial algae.

Scheer¹

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Evaluation of Herbicide Persistence in Soil*

Cited by 22 publications

References 12 publications

Persistence of Atrazine, Metribuzin and Simazine Herbicides in Two Soils

Persistence of Atrazine, Metribuzin and Simazine Herbicides in Two Soils

Peanut Response to Fluometuron Applied to a Preceeding Cotton Crop1

The effects of selected pesticides on ten isolates of terrestrial algae.

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