Evaluation of Herbicide and Biologic Preparations Effect on Leaf Surface Area and Chickpea Yields

Abstract

Introduction. The results of research on the effect of different rates of Panda herbicide, Stimpo growth regulator and Rizobofit microbial preparation on leaf surface area formation and chickpea cultivar Pamyat' yields are presented. As a result of the conducted research, the most effective combination of preparations, which provides a significant increase of photosynthetic surface of leaves and as a result grain productivity of chickpea crops, was established. Purpose. To study the effect of different rates of Panda herbicide applied separately or in the background of plant treatment with biologic preparations - plant growth regulator Stimpo and 32 Серія «Біологічні науки», 202 2microbial preparation Rizobofit - on the formation of leaf area and grain productivity of chickpea cultivar Pamyat.Methods. The study plan included variations with the use of Panda herbicide at the rates of 3.0; 4.0; 5.0; 6.0 l / ha (active substance - pendimethaline) separately and on the background of the plant growth regulator (PPP) Stimpo at a rate of 0.025 l / t (biologically active substances complex), microbial preparation (MBP) Rizobofit at the rate of 1.0 l/t (bacteria of Rhizobiacea genus ST 282 ) and the combination of growth regulator Stimpo and microbial preparation Rizobofit at the same rates for chickpea cultivar Pamyat'.Measurement and examination of the density of leaves and grain yield were carried out according to the methods described by Z. M. Gritsiyenko and his co-workers. Statistical processing of the research results was carried out according to the methods of dispersion analysis, presented by B.A. Dospekhovy.Results. Chickpea leaf area formation is highly dependent on weather conditions and norms of herbicide application separately and on the background of biological preparations. The largest area of chickpea leaves in the study is formed in variants of complex use of preparations, particularly herbicide Panda at a rate of 4.0 l / ha with a growth regulator Stimpo (0, 025 l / t) and microbiological preparation Rizobofit (1.0 l / t), in this case during the phases of growth the leaf area exceeded control I on average by 66-84%. Some decrease in the density of leaf apparatus is due to the applying of herbicide at rates of 5.0 and 6.0 l / ha, that can be attributed to the main physiological and biochemical processes inhibition in plants due to high xenobiotic standards. The highest yield indicators and chickpea grain quality are formed when Panda herbicide at the rate of 4, 0 l / ha on the background of the treatment of crops before planting RRR Stimpo (0.025 l / t) and IBP Rizobofit (1.0 l / t) are applied, in which case for this combination of preparations Crop Yield increases by 0.64 t / ha.Originality. The main goal is to demonstrate physiological, biochemical, microbiological and production changes in chickpea plants and planting soil at different rates of herbicide and biologic preparations. Conclusions. With the purpose of biological processes activation and chickpea crops productivity increase under the conditions of the Right-bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine, it is advisable to treat chickpea seeds before sowing a mixture of microbial preparations based on symbiotic bacteria Mesorhizobium siceri with a titer of living cells not less than 4, 0·109 CU/ml (Rizobofit, p. ; Rizoaktiv Beans Brand R analogue) at the rate of 1.0 l/t, growth regulator Stimpo, WP at the rate of 0.025 l/t and apply Panda herbicide at the rate of 4.0 l/ha against storms on the above mentioned background.Key words: chickpea; leaf surface area; herbicide; growth regulator; microbial preparation.