Evaluation of hand hygiene compliance and associated factors with a radio-frequency-identification-based real-time continuous automated monitoring system

A systematic review on hand hygiene knowledge and compliance in student nurses

“…Innovative methods such as the use of electronic monitoring systems to sustain and strengthen HH compliance in students as well as staff nurses are worth investing (Boyce ; Dufour et al. ).…”

Approaches to hand hygiene monitoring: From low to high technology approaches

“…Electronic hand hygiene monitoring systems have been developed and are now implemented in healthcare facilities around the world (Dufour et al, 2017;Michael et al, 2017). Compliance monitoring capabilities range from entry and exit to the WHO's 5 Moments for Hand Hygiene.…”

New Approaches to Prevent Healthcare-Associated Infection

“…In a recently submitted article, we reported that we were able to record HCW paths and hand hygiene opportunities 247 and their appropriate hand hygiene for up to 5 months. We showed after a multilevel linear regression adjustment that HCWs initially did not disinfect their hands before contact with the patient in 77.4% of hand hygiene opportunities, indicating a hand hygiene adherence rate of 22.6%, with 6% only performing hand hygiene just before contact ( Figure 1A, sequence 3-4) [21]. Interestingly, this was associated with a use of 7.48-fold the European recommended hand rub solution volume, indicating that the level of hand rub solution of 21 mL/day/patient for medicine wards currently recommended was too low [22].…”

“…This study raised an important point: The fact that hand hygiene is HCW dependent and that such technology records a very large number of events indicates that the number of hand hygiene opportunities (related to workflow) of one particular HCW with his or her own hand hygiene practices overweights this HCW's features, needing adjustment (multilevel analysis) to attenuate this overexpression [23]. Among others, the shorter the duration of the path, the worse the bedside hand hygiene, indicating that the organization of care is a key factor to improving hand hygiene [21]. Since that time, the system continuously recorded HCW hand hygiene opportunities.…”