Evaluation of Haemopocitic Activity of Crotalaria juncea Seed Powder Suspension in Phenylhydrazine Induced Haemolytic Anaemia in Rats

Abstract

Objectives: To investigate the anti-anaemic activity of Crotalaria juncea seed powder suspension against phenylhydrazine induced haemolytic anaemia in rats. Methods: The seeds of Crotalaria juncea was subjected to preliminary phytochemical analysis. Anemia was induced by administering phenylhydrazine (40 mg/kg, i.p.) for 2 consecutive days. Antianemic activity of Crotalaria juncea was investigated at the dose of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg, once daily for 21 days by estimating blood parameters and pathological changes in kidney, liver, heart, spleen, and heart. Findings: Crotalaria juncea was showed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, tannins, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds. Iron content was found to be 5 mg/100 ml in Crotalaria juncea. Anemia induction by phenylhydrazine injections to rats caused significant decrease in red blood cells, hemoglobin, and packed cell volume. These decreased levels of RBCs, hemoglobin and PCV in blood was significantly improved by the treatment with Crotalaria juncea (p<0.05). A significant normalized clotting time equivalent to normal control groups was observed in group treated with C. juncea. Furthermore, Crotalaria juncea restored pathological changes in kidney, liver, and heart tissues near to normal. Novelty: The C. juncea can be used as anti-anemic treatment with fewer side effects.