Evaluation of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>and pH in exhaled breath condensate samples: methodical and physiological aspects

Knobloch, Henri; Becher, G; Decker, M.; Reinhold, Petra

doi:10.1080/13547500701831440

Cited by 34 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…This is also the case in calves, with significantly greater EBC H 2 O 2 and pH found in the evening compared to the morning [ 65 ]. Observations of daytime variability in biomarker concentrations indicate that consistent conditions and time of day may need to be applied to the time of collection to improve reliability [ 75 ].…”

Section: Circadian Rhythmmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Atmospheric nitric oxide (NO) has been shown to reduce exhaled H 2 O 2 concentrations [ 64 ]. Ambient H 2 O 2 concentrations have also been found to correspond to approximately 30% of the H 2 O 2 concentration in the EBC of healthy calves [ 65 ]. The inspired concentration of a substance may hence affect the corresponding EBC measurement.…”

Section: Ambient Airmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several foods and beverages contain H 2 O 2 or elevate levels of oxidants in bodily fluids, thus influencing EBC oxidant concentrations [ 75 ]. In animal studies, food intake was found to double EBC H 2 O 2 levels 1 h after morning feeding [ 65 ]. High dietary nitrite/nitrate concentrations can affect NO-related markers in EBC in non-inflamed airways [ 78 ].…”

Section: Food and Drinkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exhaled breath condensate: a comprehensive update

Ahmadzai

Huang²,

Hettiarachchi³

et al. 2013

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine

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Since the late 1990s, a surge in interest in the analysis of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) resulted in the American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society (ATS/ERS) organising a Task Force in 2001 to develop guidelines on EBC collection and measurement of biomarkers. This Task Force published their guidelines in 2005 based on literature and expert opinions at that time, and multiple shortcomings and knowledge deficits were also identified. The clinical application of EBC collection and its biomarkers are currently still limited by several of these knowledge gaps, hence further guidelines for standardisation are required to ensure external validity. Using related articles produced since the publication of the ATS/ERS Task Force report, this paper attempts to provide a comprehensive update to the original guideline and review the methodological shortcomings identified. This review can hopefully serve as a yardstick for future studies involving this emerging clinical tool.

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Section: Circadian Rhythmmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Ambient Airmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Food and Drinkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exhaled breath condensate: a comprehensive update

Ahmadzai

Huang²,

Hettiarachchi³

et al. 2013

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine

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“…Thus, it seems necessary to calculate the release of H 2 O 2 in both exhaled breath and EBC. A other reason could be that there is an intra-individual release of markers like H 2 O 2 in the EBC [11]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen peroxide release and acid-base status in exhaled breath condensate at rest and after maximal exercise in young, healthy subjects

et al. 2009

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ObjectiveExhaled breath condensate (EBC) contains among a large number of mediators hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a marker of airway inflammation and oxidative stress. Similarly EBC pH also changes in respiratory diseases. It was the aim of our investigation to prove if hydrogen peroxide release and changes in pH of EBC changes with exercise.MethodsEBC was collected from 100 litres exhaled air along with samples of arterialized blood of 16 healthy subjects (9 males, 7 females, age 23 ± 1 years). EBC hydrogen peroxide was analyzed with EcoCheck amperometer (FILT, Berlin). The rate of H2O2 release was calculated from the concentration and collection time. pH and PCO2 in blood and in EBC were measured with the Radiometer blood gas analyzer, EBC was equilibrated with a gas mixture (5% CO2 in O2). The bicarbonate concentration was calculated according to the law of mass action for CO2 and HCO3- (pK = 6.1).ResultsH2O2 concentration in EBC was 190 ± 109 nmol/l, and H2O2 release at rest was 31.0 ± 18.3 pmol/min. At maximal exercise, the H2O = concentration in EBC increased to 250 ± 120 nmol/l, and H2O2 release significantly increased at maximal exercise to 84.4 ± 39.9 pmol/min (P < 0.01). At rest pH of the CO2 equilibrated EBC was at 6.08 ± 0.23 and the [HCO3 -] was 1.03 ± 0.40 mmol/l. At maximum exercise, pH 6.18 ± 0.17 and [HCO3-] 1.23 ± 0.30 mmol/l remained almost unaltered.ConclusionsThe rate of H2O2 release in EBC increased during exhausting exercise (external load: 300 Watt) by a factor of 2, whereas the pH and the bicarbonate concentration of the EBC, equilibrated with 5% CO2 at 37°C were not significantly altered. It has to be proven by further experiments whether there is a linear relationship between the rates of H2O2 release in EBC in graded submaximal exercise.

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“…Analysing cytokeratin patterns suggest that the major weight fraction of protein in EBC derives from debris shed of the stratum corneum and inhaled with inspired air [29 ]. In an investigation dedicated to examine physiological and methological influences, a significant increase in the concentration of H 2 O 2 occurred in the course of the day in the room where EBC samples were collected from calves [30 ]. Inflammatory markers in exhaled breath condensate from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD is a disease with predominant neutrophilic inflammation and is common in smokers.…”

Section: Impact Of Exhaled Breath Condensate Collecting Procedures On mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exhaled breath condensate and airway inflammation

Hoffmeyer

Raulf‐Heimsoth

Brüning

2009

Current Opinion in Allergy &Amp; Clinical Immunology

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Evaluation of H₂O₂and pH in exhaled breath condensate samples: methodical and physiological aspects

Cited by 34 publications

References 66 publications

Exhaled breath condensate: a comprehensive update

Exhaled breath condensate: a comprehensive update

Hydrogen peroxide release and acid-base status in exhaled breath condensate at rest and after maximal exercise in young, healthy subjects

Exhaled breath condensate and airway inflammation

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Evaluation of H2O2and pH in exhaled breath condensate samples: methodical and physiological aspects

Cited by 34 publications

References 66 publications

Exhaled breath condensate: a comprehensive update

Exhaled breath condensate: a comprehensive update

Hydrogen peroxide release and acid-base status in exhaled breath condensate at rest and after maximal exercise in young, healthy subjects

Exhaled breath condensate and airway inflammation

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Evaluation of H₂O₂and pH in exhaled breath condensate samples: methodical and physiological aspects