Evaluation of groundwater-based irrigation systems using a water–energy–food nexus approach: a case study from Southeast Nepal

Shrestha, Sangam; Adhikari, Saroj; Babel, Mukand S.; Perret, Sylvain; Dhakal, Shobhakar

doi:10.1080/23249676.2014.1001881

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Although the carbon emission on the hectare basis was greatest in spring rice, it was lowest based on the productivity parameter. The carbon emission for the production of rice was 1220 kg CO 2 -eq ha⁻¹ in the study area whereas this value in a similar location of Nepal was found to be 401 kg CO 2 -eq ha⁻¹ (Shrestha et al, 2015). The large difference in carbon emissions in the two studies is due to the use of extra yard manure in this study, which contributed 648 kg CO 2 -eq ha⁻¹ to carbon emissions.…”

Section: Carbon Emissions For Productioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

“…401 kg CO 2 ‐eq ha⁻¹ (Shrestha et al, 2015). The large difference in carbon emissions in the two studies is due to the use of extra yard manure in this study, which contributed…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carbon emissions were calculated based on the life cycle assessment method following Shrestha et al (2015). The carbon emissions at different stages of the crop were calculated using the carbon emission equivalent per unit utilization of the different inputs mentioned in Table 2.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploration of the cropping pattern based on the irrigation water–energy–food and carbon emission nexus

Chand,

Bimali

2023

Irrigation and Drainage

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This study examined the existing cropping patterns, yield, irrigation water and energy use and carbon emission responses to explore the best cropping pattern based on the optimum water–energy–food and carbon emission nexus. The study consisted of field visits, questionnaire surveys among 510 farmers, 10 key informant interviews, one focused group discussion and subsequent analysis of collected data. The result of the research indicated that the best existing cropping pattern was rice–wheat–no crops with a net benefit of USD 491 ha⁻¹, benefit–cost ratio: 1.33, water use: 8830 m3 ha⁻¹, energy use: 43 GJ ha⁻¹ and carbon emission: 2420 kg CO2‐eq ha⁻¹. This study found spring rice to be the most appropriate agricultural commodity in the third season of the crop calendar and rice–wheat–spring rice, as the recommended cropping pattern in the selected area based on maximum production: 13.3 t ha⁻¹, the largest net income: USD 668 ha⁻¹, the highest benefit‐cost ratio: 1.27 and the least use of energy 802 GJ ha⁻¹ with release of3840 kg CO2‐eq ha⁻¹ of carbon. After applying the recommended cropping pattern of this study, there will be significant growth in the benefit per unit use of water and energy and a substantial reduction in carbon emission per tonne of food production.

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Section: Carbon Emissions For Productioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

“…401 kg CO 2 ‐eq ha⁻¹ (Shrestha et al, 2015). The large difference in carbon emissions in the two studies is due to the use of extra yard manure in this study, which contributed…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploration of the cropping pattern based on the irrigation water–energy–food and carbon emission nexus

Chand,

Bimali

2023

Irrigation and Drainage

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“…Evidence suggests that developed countries located in temperate regions would face less adverse impacts and may gain from climate change (Mendelsohn and Dinar, 2003). In contrast, there is a scientific consensus that the non-industrialized and low-income nations located in tropical and sub-tropical climate are more prone to the negative impacts of climate change (Wheeler and Von Braun, 2013; Ruamsuke et al , 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change and crop farming in Bangladesh: an analysis of economic impacts

Hossain

Arshad

et al. 2019

Int J of Cl Chan Strat and Man

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Purpose-Changes in climate may have both beneficial and harmful effects on crop yields. However, the effects will be more in countries whose economy depends on agriculture. This study aims to measure the economic impacts of climate change on crop farming in Bangladesh. Design/methodology/approach-A Ricardian model was used to estimate the relationship between net crop income and climate variables. Historical climate data and farm household level data from all climatic zones of Bangladesh were collected for this purpose. A regression model was then developed of net crop

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“…The WEF nexus links multiple resource‐use practices and focuses on the efficiency of systems rather than on the productivity of isolated factors (Hoff, ); therefore, it proves very relevant for rethinking sustainability in the irrigation sector (Vlotman and Ballard, ). The nexus has been implemented and documented through many research works since then, in various settings, notably agricultural water use at the local level (Shrestha et al, ) or with a global perspective (Vora et al, ). It also helped compare environmental performance of biofuel crops in Thailand (Gheewala et al, ), or addressed jointly environmental and economic performance of a cotton crop in Pakistan (Ullah and Perret, ).…”

Section: Water and The Environment: Renewed Political Agendas And Conmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irrigation and the Environmental Tragedy: Pathways Towards Sustainability in Agricultural Water Use

Perret

Payen²

2020

Irrigation and Drainage

Self Cite

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Global environmental degradation, and the diverse and intense interactions between irrigation and the environment, are prompting the sector to play a more active role towards sustainability. This paper builds on ICID's 2030 vision on a more sustainable irrigation sector. It recaps the various environmental impacts of irrigation systems and calls for a threefold paradigm shift: the objectives of irrigation, its practices, and the ways to assess its impacts must evolve. The paper critically analyses the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs') framework, which provides a prompting set of orientations, yet with little consideration of the systemic nature of irrigation. The paper promotes more operational frameworks: nexus thinking and the ecosystem services' framework, since both allow for systemic approaches, and for developing trade-offs. The paper also discusses the merits of life cycle analysis (LCA) for environmental impact assessment. The benefits gained through these alternative approaches are illustrated in two cases of environmental impacts: return flow and salinization. Finally, the paper suggests combining these approaches with three principles for fostering a true paradigm shift in agricultural water use: developing and using suitable metrics, combining models to reconnect economic concerns with environmental ones, and considering larger territories and ecosystems to cater for interactions with the environment. RÉSUMÉLa dégradation de l'environnement, les interactions diverses et intenses entre irrigation et environnement, forcent le secteur à jouer un rôle plus actif vers la durabilité. Cet article s'appuie sur la vision 2030 formulée par la CIID sur la durabilité du secteur de l'irrigation. Il récapitule les divers impacts des systèmes irrigués, et appelle à un véritable changement de paradigme, en trois volets: les objectifs de l'usage agricole de l'eau, ses pratiques, et les façons d'en évaluer les impacts doivent évoluer. L'article analyse d'abord le cadre des objectifs de développement durable (ODD), qui fournit des orientations engageantes, mais avec peu de considérations du caractère systémique de l'usage agricole de l'eau et de ses impacts. L'article promeut des cadres d'analyse alternatifs et plus opératoires: le raisonnement en nexus et les services écosystémiques, car tous deux permettent une approche plus systémique, et de penser les compromis. L'article discute également des bénéfices de l'analyse en cycle de vie (ACV) pour l'évaluation des impacts environnementaux. Les mérites de ces approches sont illustrés par deux cas d'impacts environnementaux: le débit de retour et la salinisation. En conclusion, l'article suggère d'associer ces approches avec trois principes, pour accompagner un vrai changement de paradigme dans l'usage agricole de l'eau: développer et utiliser des métriques adaptés, combiner modèles et approches pour réconcilier les préoccupations économiques et environnementales, et considérer plus largement les territoires et écosystèmes de l'eau pour mieux intégrer les interactions ...

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Evaluation of groundwater-based irrigation systems using a water–energy–food nexus approach: a case study from Southeast Nepal

Cited by 19 publications

References 17 publications

Exploration of the cropping pattern based on the irrigation water–energy–food and carbon emission nexus

Exploration of the cropping pattern based on the irrigation water–energy–food and carbon emission nexus

Climate change and crop farming in Bangladesh: an analysis of economic impacts

Irrigation and the Environmental Tragedy: Pathways Towards Sustainability in Agricultural Water Use

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