“…The BDST model has been widely applied in the literature to predict the performance of fixed-bed adsorbers for the removal of heavy metals [27, 29, 30] such as arsenic, lead, nickel, manganese, iron, cadmium, and copper, and for the removal of acid & base dyes from water [28, 31] . However, some studies have applied the BDST model for organics removal from water [25, 26, 32-34] .…”