Evaluation of geothermal gradient and heat flow distribution in Delta State, Nigeria

Anomohanran, Ochuko

doi:10.14419/ijbas.v2i1.642

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Noise on the weekend is less than on weekdays, and noise in the day is less than at night [44]. Noise can significantly impact health, for example, headaches, stress, and increased blood pressure [45,46]. The study results indicated that the noise level in the study area is within the limit of QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT (70 dBA).…”

Section: Air Quality In the Study Areamentioning

confidence: 79%

Assessing Air Quality Using Multivariate Statistical Approaches

Pham,

Nguyen

2024

Civ Eng J

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The purpose of the current study was to evaluate air quality in Dong Thap province, Vietnam. The air quality data was collected during 2019–2020, representing the time of pre- and mid-COVID-19. Twenty-seven air quality samples (in the areas of urban, residential-administrative, hospital-schools, and industry-craft village areas) were used for the evaluation. Air quality was evaluated using national technical regulations on air quality, including QCVN 26:2010/BTNMT and QCVN 05:2013/BTNMT. The difference of mean air quality between the areas was examined using a one-way ANOVA followed by the Duncan test at a significant level of 5%. The relationship between air quality parameters and microclimate factors was tested using Pearson correlation. Principal component analysis (PCA) was utilized to identify critical variables and potential sources of air variation. Cluster analysis (CA) was applied to group similar air quality sites, thus recommending air monitoring site selection. The results show that the air quality in the study area is not polluted. The concentrations of noise, TSP, SO2, and NO2in the mid-COVID-19 pandemic were significantly lower than those in the pre-COVID-19 pandemic due to the social distancing policy. There was a close correlation among air quality parameters, except for air humidity. PCA identified two to four potential sources of air variation, explaining 84.3%, 100%, 100% and 89.7% of the total air quality variance at urban, residential–administrative, hospital-schools, and industry-craft villages, respectively. CA divided the 27 sampling sites into eight groups by the differences, mainly in humidity, wind speed noise, TSP, and CO. Eight sampling sites could be potentially reduced from the current monitoring program for representativeness and cost-effectiveness purposes. All air parameters in the current study are significant for monitoring, and the potential sources of air quality variation are traffic activities, industrial production, craft village activities, and daily life using fuels in residential areas. The results of the current study provide useful information for air quality monitoring and management. Future monitoring programs should include toxic air pollutants in air quality monitoring programs. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-02-012 Full Text: PDF

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Section: Air Quality In the Study Areamentioning

confidence: 79%

Assessing Air Quality Using Multivariate Statistical Approaches

Pham,

Nguyen

2024

Civ Eng J

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“…As sand percentages de crease eastwards and seawards, thermal gradient increases. A number of thermograms here have a concaved shape to depth axis [48]. It was reported that the movement of fluids in the Niger Delta influence the thermal field pattern and heat flow distribution within the Basin.…”

Section: E N D I N G T a B L Ementioning

confidence: 79%

“…Geothermal observations in the southern part of Nigeria (Niger Delta and Anambra Basin) were studied by [31; 39-42]. Studies of geothermal field in this structure were actively conducted recently [43][44][45][46][47][48][49]. Results of heat flow studies in the Niger Delta were also published [50 -52].…”

Section: E N D I N G T a B L Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Summary of heat flow studies in Nigeria

Akinyemi

Zui

2019

Journal of the Belarusian State University. Geography and Geology

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A traditional approach for heat flow determination requires two parameters. They are a geothermal gradient and heat conductivity of rocks comprising the considered depth interval. The geothermal gradient is determined from a thermogram recorded in a wellbore and the heat conductivity is obtained from the laboratory measurements of selected rock samp les. There are some variations of this approach to both get the gradient and heat conductivity values. However, there are many areas without boreholes to register their thermograms, or at least to have several temperature readings at intermediate positions of bottom holes and traditional methods of heat flow determinations cannot be used. Recently another method was proposed to estimate heat flow. It was derived from spectral analysis of magnetic field. During last years it was widely used in Nigeria for areas where deep boreholes are absent. It uses estimates of depths to the base and bottom of the causative body derived from analysis of the magnetic field maps. The base of the causative body corres ponds to the depth of the Curie surface at which rocks lose their magnetic properties. It is known that it happens at the temperature around 580 °C that slightly varies depending on the content of magnetite within the causative body. The temperature at the top of this body is estimated. The heat flow density can be calculated knowing the geothermal gradient within this depth interval and heat conductivity of rocks. A preliminary heat flow density map was compiled based on all accessible heat flow data. A comparison of heat flow data from several regions of the country, determined using both methods provides rather good agreement.

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“…A resistivity method is a technique most commonly used for hydrogeological investigations. Groundwater investigations have been carried out using the resistivity method [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12]. The resistivity method is used because of its ease of measurement in the field, and the ability to produce information about depths ranging from a few meters to hundreds of meters.…”

Section: Figure 1 Schematic Cross-sectional Illustrating Aquifer [3]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of groundwater aquifers using geoelectrical resistivity method (case study : Plupuh Sub-district, Sragen District )

Darsono

Marzuki

Nuryani

et al. 2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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An aquifer is a layer below the ground surface that contains groundwater. Inside the earth there are unconfined aquifers and confined aquifers, where unconfined aquifers are located near the surface while confined aquifers are located very deep beneath the earth. This study aims to find the location, depth, and thickness of aquifers that have the potential to contain large amounts of groundwater. The instrument used in this research is a resistivity meter OYO Model 2119C Mc OHM-EL, with a Schlumberger configuration with a current electrode length of AB/2 to 350 meters. Data acquisition were carried out in the Plupuh sub-district, Sragen district as many as 5 sounding points, and data processing using IP2win software. Based on the interpretation of resistivity geoelectrical data, it can be concluded that the area has the potential to have a lot of groundwater content, for unconfined aquifers at the TS1 sounding point with a depth of 7.7 meters to 19.2 meters with a thickness of 11.5 meters. and TS4 with a depth of 15.4 meters to 30 meters with a layer thickness of 14.6 meters. This aquifer layer is dominated by sand layer lithology, while the confined aquifer layer is located around TS1 and TS2. The two sounding points are located in the east and northeast of the research area. TS1 was detected at a depth of 39.9 meters to 110 meters with a layer thickness of 60.1 meters and TS2 was at a depth of 40.2 meters to 66.5 meters and 80.2 meters to 139.7 meters with a thickness of 84.8 meters. This aquifer layer is dominated by the gravel sand layer in TS1 and the sand layer in TS2.

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Evaluation of geothermal gradient and heat flow distribution in Delta State, Nigeria

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Assessing Air Quality Using Multivariate Statistical Approaches

Assessing Air Quality Using Multivariate Statistical Approaches

Summary of heat flow studies in Nigeria

Detection of groundwater aquifers using geoelectrical resistivity method (case study : Plupuh Sub-district, Sragen District )

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