Evaluation of genotoxic variations in plant model systems in a case of metal stressors

Abstract

This study was designed to assess the effects of long term, high metal exposition (cadmium, lead, copper, nickel and zinc) on DNA damage in four plant model systems [Taraxacum officinale (Asteraceae), Matricaria recutita L. (Asteraceae), Robinia pseudoacacia L. (Fabaceae), and Urtica dioica (Urticaceae)]. DNA stability was investigated by a Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. Agarose-gel electrophoresis revealed total of 37 bands with different molecular weights ranging from 1250 to 5000 bp. It generated distinctive polymorphism value of 72.97% (27 bands) total in four plant species investigated. The dendrogram constructed using NTSYSpc programme showed that there is grouping in separate clusters of the same plant model collected from two different areas (metal-exposed and control samples). The study concluded that the long term metal-exposing periods had genotoxic stress on macromolecules of plant model systems investigated and biomarkers used should be augmented for reliable estimates of genotoxicity after exposure of plants to metal stressors.

Plant Explants Grown on Medium Supplemented with Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Have a Significant Increase in Embryogenesis

“…RAPD technique is a fundamental tool for genotoxicity studies and is efficiently used to detect DNA changes in plants influenced by metals [50,51]. Different stress factors including NPs can damage plant culture DNA, what can be shown as differences in band profiles [22,50,52].…”

“…whereas new bands generally result in present mutations, large deletions, or homologous recombination [50,52]. This suggests that exposition on even low Fe 3 O 4 NPs concentrations (0.5 mg/l, 1 mg/l, and 1.5 mg/l) can induce damage in plant DNA level, which can result in mutation initiation.…”

Nanostructure-based electrochemical sensor: glyphosate detection and the analysis of genetic changes in rye DNA

“…The Table 2. -795 794 -797 -----1309 --2237 -----2279 ------2927 2927 -2922 2927 PB 3 5 3 5 5 Primer Reference 1µL/50mL 5µL/50mL 10µL/50mL 50µL/50mL 100µL/50mL OPD-07 ---844 --873 --870 ---894 ----1100 -----1132 -----1177 ---------2928 2937 --2942 ----2967 --2966 -PB 6 5 4 6 5 According the literature, the disappearance of normal bands probably can be designated as DNA damage through modified bases, point and deletion mutations and single and double strand breaks, whereas new bands generally reveal a change in some oligonucleotide priming sites due to mutations, large deletion and/or homologous recombination [66][67][68]. Overall, the RAPD results allow to conclude that all concentrations of glyphosate made significant changes in the genome of the rye plant seedlings.…”

Electrochemical Detection of Small Volumes of Glyphosate with Mass-Produced Non-Modified Gold Chips

“…Samples treated with glyphosate showed 15 new bands, and 12 bands were eliminated in comparison with the samples without treatment. According to the literature, the disappearance of normal bands can probably be designated as DNA damage through modified bases, point and deletion mutations, and single and double strand breaks, whereas new bands generally reveal a change in some oligonucleotide priming sites due to mutations, large deletion, and/or homologous recombination [18], [21], [22]. Over-all, the RAPD results indicate that 1/10 of the working concentration of glyphosate caused significant changes in the genome of the rye plant seedlings.…”