Evaluation of genotoxic and mutagenic effects of aqueous extract from aerial parts of Linaria genistifolia subsp. genistifolia

Abstract

Genotoxic and mutagenic effects of aqueous extract from aerial parts Linaria genistifolia (L.) Mill. subsp. genistifolia, Plantaginaceae (Lg-ext) were investigated by using both Allium cepa root meristematic cells and bacterial reverse mutation assay in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 with or without metabolic activation system (S9), respectively. In Allium root growth inhibition test, EC50 value was determined approximately 15 g/L and 0.5xEC50, EC50 and 2xEC50 concentrations of Lg-ext were introduced to onion tuber roots and distilled water and methyl methane sulfonate (MMS, 10 ppm) used as a negative and positive control, respectively. The characteristic effect caused by tested preparations was an increase of mitotic index (MI) in 7.5 g/L and 15 g/L (except 24 and 96 h) and simultaneous decrease of MI in 30 g/L and in MMS. While stickiness, bridges, chromosome laggards and disturbed anaphase-telophase were observed in anaphase-telophase cells, c-metaphase, pro-metaphase, polyploidy and binuclear cells were observed in other cells. Lg-ext was not found to be mutagenic on S. typhimurium TA 98 and TA100 with or without S9. The results were also analyzed statistically by using SPSS for Windows, and Duncan's multiple range tests were performed respectively. These results indicate that Lg-ext exhibits genotoxic activity in A. cepa root meristematic cells but not mutagenic activity in Ames test system.

Allelopathic Effects of Adonis vernalis L.: Root Growth Inhibition and Cytogenetic Alterations

“…In the present study the observed decrease in mitotic index values combined with the significant decrease in root lengths of the T. aestivum seeds indicated presence of cytotoxic allelochemicals. Changes in duration of mitotic phases are also accepted as an indicator for cytotoxic influence [24].…”

Detection of cytogenetic and genotoxic effects of gamma radiation on M1 generation of three varieties of Triticum aestivum L.

“…Tarar & Dnyansagar (1980) implied that lagging chromosome occurs when a chromosome is improperly positioned, in relation to other chromosomes depending on the treatment to radiations, the spindle fibres may fail to carry the respective chromosome to the polar regions. Liman et al, (2012) reported that occurrence of lagging chromosomes was due to the failure of the chromosome or acentric chromosome fragments to move to either of the pole at anaphase stage. However, Verma & Khah (2016) revealed that the most frequent aberration was chromosomal stickiness in gamma irradiated M 1 generations of T. aestivum.…”

Allelopathy of Cold Water Extracts from Origanum vulgare ssp. vulgare L.

“…Laggard and vagrant chromosomes were also scored (Figure 1(D)). Disturbed metaphases and anaphases may be caused by inhibition of spindle formation [36] [37]. Laggard chromosomes also indicate spindle disturbances [26].…”