Evaluation of gas chromatography mass spectrometry and pattern recognition for the identification of bladder cancer from urine headspace

Cauchi, Michael; Weber, Christina; Bolt, B. J.; Spratt, P. B.; Bessant, Conrad; Turner, Diane; Willis, Carolyn M.; Britton, Lezlie E.; Turner, Claire; Morgan, G. H.

doi:10.1039/c6ay00400h

Cited by 38 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Thus, the improved panel included five aldehydes (hexanal, 2,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde, 3-phenylpropionaldehyde, MG, 3-methylbenzaldehyde), two ketones (4-methylhexan-3-one, heptan-2-one), two aromatic hydrocarbons (methyl benzoate and ethylbenzene), and one polycyclic organic compound (dihydroedulan IA). From these, only hexanal [21][22][23][24], MG [25], heptan-2-one [22,26], and ethylbenzene [23,27] were previously associated with cancer. Besides MG, it is difficult to ascertain the metabolic origin of these volatile compounds since they are end products of several cellular processes, including lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, glycation, and amino acid and lipid metabolisms [28][29][30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Panel of Urinary Volatile Biomarkers for Differential Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer from Other Urological Cancers

Lima

Pinto

Carvalho‐Maia

et al. 2020

Cancers

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Our group recently developed a urinary 6-biomarker panel for the diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) which has a higher level of accuracy compared to the serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) test. Herein, urine from an independent cohort of PCa patients and cancer-free controls was analyzed to further validate the discriminative power of that panel. Additionally, urine from patients diagnosed with bladder cancer (BC) and renal cancer (RC) were included to evaluate the site-specificity of the panel. Results confirmed the ability of the 6-biomarker panel to discriminate PCa patients from controls, but not from other urological cancers. To overcome this limitation, an untargeted approach was performed to unveil discriminant metabolites among the three cancer types. A 10-biomarker panel comprising the original panel plus four new metabolites was established to discriminate PCa from controls, BC, and RC, with 76% sensitivity, 90% specificity, and 92% accuracy. This improved panel also disclosed better accuracy than serum PSA test and provides the basis for a new non-invasive early detection tool for PCa.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Panel of Urinary Volatile Biomarkers for Differential Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer from Other Urological Cancers

Lima

Pinto

Carvalho‐Maia

et al. 2020

Cancers

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“…The other metabolites significantly differentiating cancer patients from control subjects were organic acids: aspartic, malic, succinic, xylonic, kynureic, octanedionic, butanedionic, heptanedionic, ethanedioic, propanoic, butanioc, trihydroxypentanoic, glicholic, uric, citric, nicotinic, hippuric, and acetic acid. Those biomarkers have been proposed for colon [77], prostate [60,61,65,70], liver [84,89,90], gastric [83], bladder [93,94,96], and lung [33] cancer. Even though many authors underlined the significance of those metabolites for cancer diagnosis, different concentration levels between healthy subjects and cancer patients have been reported in different studies investigating the same cancer forms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review and Comparison of Cancer Biomarker Trends in Urine as a Basis for New Diagnostic Pathways

Bax

Lotesoriere

Sironi

et al. 2019

Cancers

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Cancer is one of the major causes of mortality worldwide and its already large burden is projected to increase significantly in the near future with a predicted 22 million new cancer cases and 13 million cancer-related deaths occurring annually by 2030. Unfortunately, current procedures for diagnosis are characterized by low diagnostic accuracies. Given the proved correlation between cancer presence and alterations of biological fluid composition, many researchers suggested their characterization to improve cancer detection at early stages. This paper reviews the information that can be found in the scientific literature, regarding the correlation of different cancer forms with the presence of specific metabolites in human urine, in a schematic and easily interpretable form, because of the huge amount of relevant literature. The originality of this paper relies on the attempt to point out the odor properties of such metabolites, and thus to highlight the correlation between urine odor alterations and cancer presence, which is proven by recent literature suggesting the analysis of urine odor for diagnostic purposes. This investigation aims to evaluate the possibility to compare the results of studies based on different approaches to be able in the future to identify those compounds responsible for urine odor alteration.

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“…Based on extensive literature research , four bladder cancer urinary biomarker VOCs were chosen in this study: ethylbenzene, hexanal, laurie aldehyde and nonanoyl chloride, and all chemicals were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich and used without further purification.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical sensory arrays for the detection of urinary bladder cancer‐related volatile organic compounds

Zhu

Corsetti

Wang

et al. 2019

Journal of Biophotonics

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Non-invasive detection of urinary bladder cancer remains a significant challenge. Urinary volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are a promising alternative to cell-based biomarkers. Herein, we demonstrate a novel diagnosis system based on an optic fluorescence sensor array for detecting urinary bladder cancer VOCs biomarkers. This study describes a fluorescence-based VOCs sensor array detecting system in detail. The choice of VOCs for the initial part was based on an extensive systematic search of the literature and then followed up using urinary samples from patients with urinary bladder transitional cell carcinoma. Canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was employed and correctly detected 31/48 urinary bladder cancer VOC biomarkers and achieved an overall 77.75% sensitivity and 93.25% specificity by PLS-DA modelling. All five urine samples from bladder cancer patients and five healthy controls were successfully identified with the same sensor arrays. Overall, the experiments in this study describe a real-time platform for non-invasive bladder cancer diagnosis using fluorescence-based gas-sensor arrays. Pure VOCs and urine samples from the patients proved such a system to be promising, however further research is required using a larger population sample. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Evaluation of gas chromatography mass spectrometry and pattern recognition for the identification of bladder cancer from urine headspace

Abstract: Previous studies have indicated that volatile organic compounds specific to bladder cancer may exist in urine headspace.

Cited by 38 publications

References 41 publications

A Panel of Urinary Volatile Biomarkers for Differential Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer from Other Urological Cancers

A Panel of Urinary Volatile Biomarkers for Differential Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer from Other Urological Cancers

Review and Comparison of Cancer Biomarker Trends in Urine as a Basis for New Diagnostic Pathways

Optical sensory arrays for the detection of urinary bladder cancer‐related volatile organic compounds

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