Evaluation of Gait Parameters Determined by InvestiGAIT against a Reference System

Abstract

The purpose is to investigate the validity of an inertial-sensor based gait analysis system (InvestiGAIT) consisting of off-the-shelf sensors and an in-house capturing and analyzing software. The gait of five persons with transfermoral limb loss were captured with the inertial system (Shimmer sensors) and the motion capture system (Vicon) integrating two force plates chosen as reference system in this study. Eleven gait parameters are determined from the data of the captured gait sequences. These gait parameters were compared descriptively and statistically using boxplots, Bland-Altman-plots, including the mean of difference (MOD) and the limits of agreement (LoA), the standard error of the mean (SEM), the Wilcoxon test and the Pearson's correlation coefficient. A complete validity of the gait parameters was not assumed due to the different measurement methods and the impact of the IMU sensor attachment (on the lower shank above the ankle). For the sound and the amputated leg four gait parameters show no significant difference (stride duration, cadence, velocity, stride length). All the other parameters have a p-value smaller than 0.05. Most of the gait parameters have a small MOD, SEM and LoA. These values show a very small absolute difference between the gait parameters of both systems. Based on the results the InvestiGAIT system can be assumed as valid and suitable for follow-up investigations of human gait in research projects or the clinical environment. Nevertheless, further investigations with healthy subjects and a sensor attachment on the subjects' shoe are planned.

The reliability and validity of the OneStep smartphone application for gait analysis among patients with gait asymmetry undergoing rehabilitation for lower limb chronic pain or functional disability

“…In light of the above, the ndings of the current analysis suggest that the examined smartphone application is both reliable and valid for assessing spatial-temporal gait parameters in people with gait asymmetry who undergo rehabilitation for mild to moderate lower limb disability or chronic pain. These ndings are consistent with previous studies that demonstrated the reliability and validity of the smartphone-based assessment to perform gait analysis in other populations [18,19,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28]37].…”

The Reliability and Validity of the OneStep Smartphone Application for Gait Analysis among Patients Undergoing Rehabilitation for Unilateral Lower Limb Disability

“…In light of the above, the findings of the current analysis suggest that the examined smartphone application is both reliable and valid for assessing spatiotemporal gait parameters in patients undergoing rehabilitation for mild-to-moderate unilateral lower limb disability or chronic pain. These findings are consistent with studies that demonstrated the reliability and validity of smartphone-based assessments in performing gait analysis in various populations [ 31 , 32 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 59 ].…”

Inter-limb differences in patients following total hip arthroplasty four to five years after surgery: a cross-sectional study

“…These events are detected as local minima (IC, TC) or local maxima (midswing) in the signals of the z-axis of the ankle gyroscopes, which describe the angular velocities of the shanks in the sagittal plane. More detailed information about the detection of gait events and calculation of the gait parameters of the InvestiGAIT system are provided in Orlowski and Loose [21] and Orlowski et al [22]. The InvestiGAIT system has been con rmed to be a valid and reliable system to investigate human gait in a clinical setting [20,22].…”