Evaluation of full‐term infants fed an evaporated milk formula

Friel, JK; Andrews, W.; Simmons, BS; L'Abbe,; Mercer, Claude N.; MacDonald, A; McCloy, UR

doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1997.tb08910.x

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…The relatively low response rate provided sufficient data for a market assessment and dietary information about Canadian infants that is not available nor been reported elsewhere. The sample size is also considerably larger than followed in other Canadian studies [6][7][8][9][10][11]14]. Heinz Canada agreed to share this information in order to provide data on feeding patterns of Canadian infants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This affects the introduction of complementary feeding, defined as "the period during which other foods or liquids are provided along with breast milk" [5]. Within Canada, there have been reports published on food intake patterns for infants in Vancouver [6], Ottawa [7], Quebec [8,9], Newfoundland [10] and New Brunswick [11], but a national survey is lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Complementary Food Consumption of Canadian Infants

Friel¹,

Isaak²,

Hanning³

et al. 2009

TONUTRJ

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In July, 2003, a cross-sectional survey was conducted by Heinz Canada, on a nationally representative sample of mothers with infants aged three to 12 months. The surveys mailed to new mothers consisted of 1) a questionnaire to assess demographic information and 2) a four day food diary, providing dietary data for nearly 2,951 infants. The initiation rate of breastfeeding was 73% for study infants. At three months, 81% of the infants received complementary foods (mostly cereal, fruits, and vegetables, but some had also been introduced to meats, dairy products, and mixed dishes). These data suggest a current pattern for the early introduction of complementary foods, some by three months and the majority by six months of age. The World Health Organization (WHO) and Health Canada now recommend exclusive breastfeeding until six months of age. The impact this recommendation may have on the feeding pattern of Canadian infants remains to be seen.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complementary Food Consumption of Canadian Infants

Friel¹,

Isaak²,

Hanning³

et al. 2009

TONUTRJ

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“…We hypothesize that it would not be unreasonable to consider antioxidant supplements in early infancy at least for selected groups of breast-fed infants including those of multiple pregnancies or infants from low socioeconomic backgrounds. We know that formula-fed infants consume greater amounts of vitamins and minerals than are present in human milk (37,38) without any known untoward effects. Alternatively, mothers could be supplemented with additional antioxidant nutrients during pregnancy to enhance the endogenous ability of the infant at birth to cope with oxygen stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of Oxidative Stress in Full-Term Healthy Infants

et al. 2004

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“…Debski et al (1992) showed differences of Se incorporation in cows'-milk protein from different regions of Poland. Besides lower bioavailability, compared with human milk, infant feeding with cows' milk will result in lower Se intakes due also to its lower Se concentration (Millar & Sheppard, 1972;Friel et al 1997). While breast milk has only half of the protein content of cows milk, breast-milk protein contains twice as much Se as cows' milk (Millar & Sheppard, 1972).…”

Section: Breast-feeding and The Infant's Selenium Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium and breast-feeding

Dórea

2002

Br J Nutr

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The objective of the present review is to discuss Se nutrition during breast-feeding, encompassing environmental and maternal constitutional factors affecting breast-milk-Se metabolism and secretion. A literature search of Medline and Webofscience was used to retrieve and select papers dealing with Se and breast milk. Although Se in natural foods occurs only in organic form, breast milk responds to organic and inorganic Se in supplements. Inorganic Se (selenite, selenate), which is largely used in maternal supplements, is not detectable in breast milk. The mammary-gland regulating mechanism controls the synthesis and secretion of seleno-compounds throughout lactation, with a high total Se level in colostrum that decreases as lactation progresses. Se appears in breast milk as a component of specific seleno-proteins and selenoamino-acids in milk proteins that are well tolerated by breast-fed infants even in high amounts. Se in breast milk occurs as glutathione peroxidase (4 -32 % total Se) . selenocystamine . selenocystine . selenomethionine. The wide range of breast-milk Se concentrations depends on Se consumed in natural foods, which reflects the Se content of the soils where they are grown. Se prophylaxis, either through soil Se fertilization or maternal supplements, is effective in raising breast-milk Se concentration. In spite of wide variation, the median Se concentration from studies worldwide are 26, 18, 15, and 17 mg/l in colostrum (0 -5 d), transitional milk (6 -21 d), mature milk (1 -3 months) and late lactation (.5 months) respectively. Se recommendations for infants are presently not achieved in 30 % of the reported breast-milk Se concentrations; nevertheless Se status is greater in breast-fed than in formula-fed infants.

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Evaluation of full‐term infants fed an evaporated milk formula

Cited by 16 publications

References 17 publications

Complementary Food Consumption of Canadian Infants

Complementary Food Consumption of Canadian Infants

Evidence of Oxidative Stress in Full-Term Healthy Infants

Selenium and breast-feeding

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