Evaluation of freezing state of sandstone using ultrasonic time-frequency characteristics

Zhang, Jiwei; Murton, Julian B.; Cane, Tim; Maji, Vikram; Sui, Lili; Liu, Shujie; Zhang, Song

doi:10.1016/j.jrmge.2022.04.013

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Taking advantage of this phenomenon, researchers have employed ultrasonic waves to nondestructively evaluate the extent of pore and fracture development in rocks. The attenuation in the wave velocity was measured to assess the impact of damage on sandstone samples subjected to 0, 1, 5, 10, and 15 cycles of high- and low-temperature impacts . Post-ultrasonic testing of three samples per group, the average longitudinal wave velocity ( P ) was calculated to ensure data accuracy.…”

Section: Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The attenuation in the wave velocity was measured to assess the impact of damage on sandstone samples subjected to 0, 1, 5, 10, and 15 cycles of high-and lowtemperature impacts. 49 Post-ultrasonic testing of three samples per group, the average longitudinal wave velocity (P) was calculated to ensure data accuracy. To quantitatively analyze the attenuation of the P-wave velocity in the sandstone samples under varying temperature impact conditions, the relative attenuation rate β was determined:…”

Section: Changes In the P-wave Velocity In Sandstonementioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Study on the Effects of High- and Low-Temperature Cyclic Impact on Pore and Fracture Distributions and Acoustic Emission Characteristics of Coal Measure Sandstone

Wang,

Kang,

Kang

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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Sandstone is a common type of rock found in coal measure reservoirs, and its pore and fracture distributions are key factors influencing the comining of coal and gas. To improve the structure of coal measure reservoirs and enhance interlayer compatibility, a method for high-and low-temperature cyclic impact on sandstone was developed in this study, and the effects of high-temperature (+200 °C) and low-temperature (−196 °C) cyclic impacts (number of cycles: 0, 1, 5, 10, and 15) on the pore and fracture distribution characteristics of sandstone were investigated. Ultrasonic testing, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption tests, micro-CT scanning, uniaxial compression tests, and acoustic emission (AE) tests were employed to analyze and characterize the distribution patterns of the pores and fractures in sandstone under different impact conditions. With the increase in the number of high-and low-temperature cyclic impacts, the peak pore and fracture diameters and porosities of the sandstone samples were found to increase logarithmically, whereas the P-wave velocity, uniaxial compressive strength, and AE b value decreased logarithmically. After the fifth high-and low-temperature cyclic impact, the relative decay rate of the P-wave velocity and the increase in the porosity of the sandstone samples reached maximum, which were 20.86% and 20.98%, respectively. The application of highand low-temperature cyclic impact could promote the development of pore fractures and the emergence of secondary fractures in sandstone, forming a pore network. The cyclic thermal impact helped improve the pore fracture distribution and increase the number of transport channels for coal gas molecules, thus enhancing the permeability and interlayer compatibility of sandstone and creating the necessary conditions for the colayering and comining of coal and gas.

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Section: Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Changes In the P-wave Velocity In Sandstonementioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on the Effects of High- and Low-Temperature Cyclic Impact on Pore and Fracture Distributions and Acoustic Emission Characteristics of Coal Measure Sandstone

Wang,

Kang,

Kang

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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“…The fast Fourier transform converts a time-domain signal into a frequency-domain signal, so as to obtain the frequency distribution of the acoustic signal f(t) in the time domain range 46 :…”

Section: Frequency Domain Of the Acoustic Signal Based On The Fast Fo...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the time‐domain signal of the received wave can be converted into a frequency‐domain signal by applying the fast Fourier transform, allowing investigation of the frequency component of the signal, the fast Fourier transform of the time‐domain signal does not reflect the change in the signal frequency with time. It is thus necessary to carry out a continuous wavelet transform on the received wave signals and convert the time‐domain signals of the received wave into signals in the time–frequency domain, 46 so as to study the variation in the received‐wave frequency with time for the thermally damaged granite samples with different wave impedances, as shown in Figure 18.…”

Section: Relationship Between the Degree Of Rock Damage And Wave Impe...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fast Fourier transform converts a time‐domain signal into a frequency‐domain signal, so as to obtain the frequency distribution of the acoustic signal f ( t ) in the time domain range 46 :

F(\omega )={\int }_{-\infty }^{+\infty }f(t)\text{exp}(-i\omega t)dt,

where, F ( ω ) is the Fourier transform function of time domain signal f ( t ), i is the square root of −1, and ω is the angular frequency.…”

Section: Relationship Between the Degree Of Rock Damage And Wave Impe...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Method of defining rock damage variable on the basis of wave impedance

Li,

Fang,

Gao

et al. 2023

Energy Science & Engineering

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A method of determining rock damage variable from wave impedance, which is suitable for the study of dynamics, is presented. The determined variable provides a more reasonable quantitative description of the degree of rock damage. First, the Taylor model of mesoscopic damage mechanics is used to derive the relationship between the velocity of longitudinal waves and the density of rock materials. Based on the measured data of rock samples with different lithology and the same lithology, the relationship between the longitudinal wave velocity and density of rock materials is studied. It is demonstrated that using the wave impedance to define the rock damage variable has advantages over using the P‐wave velocity. Second, the relationship between the wave impedance and degree of damage to the rock material is studied using an electron microscope and ultrasonic testing technology, and the microstructure of rock samples with a wave impedance gradient and time–frequency‐domain characteristics of the ultrasonic signals are compared and analyzed. It is found that it is feasible to determine the damage degree of the rock from the wave impedance. Finally, a method of defining rock damage variable with the wave impedance is further proposed and its rationality verified. The research results show that there is a good positive correlation between the longitudinal wave velocity and density of rock materials, and there is a strong correlation between the degree of rock damage and its wave impedance. The damage variable defined by wave impedance can better reflect the damage state and damage evolution process of rock.

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Experimental Study on the Diffusion Law of Horizontal Grouting in Shallow Sand Gravel Layer

Liu,

Xie,

Zhang

et al. 2024

KSCE J Civ Eng

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Evaluation of freezing state of sandstone using ultrasonic time-frequency characteristics

Cited by 5 publications

References 52 publications

Experimental Study on the Effects of High- and Low-Temperature Cyclic Impact on Pore and Fracture Distributions and Acoustic Emission Characteristics of Coal Measure Sandstone

Experimental Study on the Effects of High- and Low-Temperature Cyclic Impact on Pore and Fracture Distributions and Acoustic Emission Characteristics of Coal Measure Sandstone

Method of defining rock damage variable on the basis of wave impedance

Experimental Study on the Diffusion Law of Horizontal Grouting in Shallow Sand Gravel Layer

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