Evaluation of Four Methods for Restoring a Degraded Swamp Forest

Marconato, Gisele Mondoni; Maimoni-Rodella, Rita C. S.; Attanasio, Claúdia Mira

doi:10.4236/ojf.2015.55043

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Soil preparation did not impact survival or growth of the plantation in general, but influenced the performance of some individual species. Mounding was the only soil preparation method that affected seedling performance (also see Marconato et al ., 2015), but contrary to our expectations, this method reduced seedling performance. The negative effect of planting in small mounds may be because rain‐driven erosion exposed the upper part of root systems, as we observed in the field.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Predicting flooding tolerance of native tree species to restore flooded forests

Meli

Bettinardi

Brancalion

2020

Applied Vegetation Science

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Aim Flooded forests are critically important for supplying water‐related ecosystem services, but their restoration has been severely limited by low seedling performance due to flooding stress. We classified the flooding tolerance of 15 native tree species in a nursery‐based method to guide species selection for restoring a flooded forest. Location Atlantic Forest, São Paulo State, Brazil. Methods We first exposed 15 native tree species typical of flooded forests to four flooding conditions (i.e., normoxia and three increasing hypoxia levels): no flooding, up to the middle of the root system, up to the root collar, and 2 cm above the root collar. After nine months, we evaluated seedling survival, growth (height and stem diameter), and the occurrence of hypertrophied lenticels and adventitious roots. Seedling survival and growth data were combined to create a flooding tolerance index. Further, we planted the same species in two degraded swampy areas under three soil preparation methods: planting seedlings in regular planting holes, on mounds, and in between furrows. We assessed seedling survival and stem diameter of these seedlings after one year. Results Flooding tolerance index was significantly correlated to the occurrence of hypertrophied lenticels, but not of adventitious roots. Classifying flooding tolerance of tree species was effective in predicting species growth, but not seedling survival, in restoration plantations. Overall, seedling performance in restoration plantations was highly influenced by species identity, but not by soil preparation methods. Conclusions Species selection to improve restoration performance of flooded forests can be guided by simple and fast screenings performed in nurseries before planting. Pioneer trees may facilitate the establishment of species less tolerant to flooding by reducing water saturation of superficial soil layers and enhancing micro‐relief heterogeneity by litter deposition. Only a few native species should initially be used in the restoration of flooded forests with high water tables.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Predicting flooding tolerance of native tree species to restore flooded forests

Meli

Bettinardi

Brancalion

2020

Applied Vegetation Science

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“…O plantio durante a estação seca foi a única condição para a sobrevivência e crescimento das mudas de B. arborea até oito meses após o plantio. Marconato et al (2015) também obtiveram sucesso quanto aos índices de sobrevivência e crescimentos morofológicos de seis espécies florestais nativas plantadas durante o período de seca em áreas brejosas. Portanto, percebe-se que a tolerância ao alagamento varia de acordo com a espécie florestal, o que resulta em distintas épocas de plantio mais adequadas das mudas.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…É evidente a necessidade da intensificação do desenvolvimento de pesquisas de métodos de restauração florestal em solos hidricamente saturados. Segundo Marconato et al (2015), o conhecimento sobre a restauração ecológica dessas áreas contribuiria com o fornecimento de subsídios e orientações técnicas aos trabalhos de extensão, aos agricultores e viveiristas e às políticas públicas que visam à conservação da água e biodiversidade. Assim sendo, acredita-se que o trabalho de restauração florestal de áreas ciliares com saturação hídrica do solo se inicia pela escolha das espécies florestais e pela determinação da melhor época de realização do plantio das mudas e/ou semeadura direta de sementes florestais nativas.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Implicações silviculturais das épocas de plantio de quatro espécies florestais nativas em áreas ciliares alagadas

Rondon Neto

2023

Pesq. Flor. Bras.

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O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar as implicações silviculturais do plantio de mudas de quatro espécies florestais nativas durante as estações seca e chuvosa em área ciliar alagada. O experimento foi instalado em uma área ciliar degradada sujeita ao alagamento durante a estação chuvosa, situada no município de Alta Floresta, MT. Os tratamentos testados constituíram-se nos plantios de quatros espécies florestais nativas, sendo o primeiro em pleno período da estação chuvosa e o segundo no início da estação seca. As espécies arbóreas estudadas foram: Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A. Juss.) Müll. Arg., Bixa arborea Huber, Inga laurina (Sw.) Willd. e Genipa americana L. Aos oito meses após o plantio, foram realizadas as seguintes avaliações: taxas de sobrevivência, altura total, diâmetro do colo e número de folhas das plantas. Os indivíduos de B. arborea sobreviveram apenas quando plantados na estação seca. As épocas de plantio praticamente não afetaram os índices de sobrevivência e os crescimentos vegetativos de H. brasiliensis, I. laurina e G. americana. O plantio na estação seca foi favorável às quatro espécies florestais, não havendo implicações silviculturais negativas quanto à sobrevivência e crescimento vegetativo.

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Morphological and phenological strategies for flooding tolerance in Cerrado and Pantanal trees: implications for restoration under new legislation

Bogarín

Reis

Laura

et al. 2022

Restoration Ecology

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In 2012, the Native Vegetation Protection Law 12,651 decreased the extent of Areas of Permanent Preservation in Brazil. While previously the distance from water was measured during the rainy season, the new version only considered the extent of the regular watercourse. This change affects conservation and restoration sites, and restoration programs need to be modified based on the new legislation. For instance, more flood‐tolerant species need to be planted, given the higher probability that restoration efforts will be lost during flooding. To identify species suitable for the restoration of such areas, we tested if plants that develop morphological structures to tolerate waterlogging stress are more resistant to hypoxia caused by flooding and can recover better afterwards. We experimentally evaluated survival and morphological or phenological strategies (root dry mass, height, basal diameter, adventitious roots, lenticels, and leaf renewal) of 13 tree species from the Cerrado and Pantanal biomes of Brazil. After 56 days of simulated inundation and 56 days of post‐inundation recovery, we found that all study species were able to survive on waterlogged soil and to recover after the flood, and they can be used to restore periodically flooded riparian forests within the new legal zone. Our study is particularly relevant, as climate change is expected to increase flooding. As environmental laws change and new areas get restored including those in artificially flooded areas, such as on banks of hydroelectric dams, the experimental approach introduced in this study should be replicated with other species from various phytogeographic domains worldwide.

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Evaluation of Four Methods for Restoring a Degraded Swamp Forest

Cited by 3 publications

References 20 publications

Predicting flooding tolerance of native tree species to restore flooded forests

Predicting flooding tolerance of native tree species to restore flooded forests

Implicações silviculturais das épocas de plantio de quatro espécies florestais nativas em áreas ciliares alagadas

Morphological and phenological strategies for flooding tolerance in Cerrado and Pantanal trees: implications for restoration under new legislation

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