Evaluation of Formalin — Acetone Sedimentation in the Concentration of Stool for Intestinal Parasites

Parija, Subhash Chandra; Bhattacharya, Sanjay; Padhan, Prasanta; Shivaprakash, M. R.

doi:10.1177/004947550303300315

Cited by 9 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…A variety of reagents, such as ether, ethyl acetate, detergent, and acetone, have been employed in stool concentration techniques (Ritchie 1948;Young et al 1979;Kightlinger and Kightlinger 1990;Parija et al 2003;). Of these, ether is one of the more commonly useful fat solvents in the concentration of the stool for parasites (Cheesbrough 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of these, ether is one of the more commonly useful fat solvents in the concentration of the stool for parasites (Cheesbrough 1998). However, ether is extremely flammable (flash point-45°C), is highly volatile (boiling point 34.5°C), produces anesthetic vapor, and forms explosive peroxides when exposed to light, as shown in Table 2 (Boswell and Collins 1996;Parija et al 2003;Lewis 1997). Because of these recognized hazards, several other chemicals have been evaluated as a substitute for diethyl ether (Young et al 1979;Kightlinger and Kightlinger 1990;Parija et al 2003;).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ethyl acetate is toxic upon contact with the skin and mucous membranes and possesses neurotoxicity. To overcome these disadvantages, several other chemicals have been evaluated as a substitute for diethyl ether (Young et al 1979;Kightlinger and Kightlinger 1990;Parija et al 2003;. We describe here a field comparative study of the formalin-gasoline procedure and routinely used formalin-ether sedimentation technique for detection of parasites in 470 clinical fecal specimens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A field evaluation of formalin–gasoline technique in the concentration of stool for detection of intestinal parasites

Ahmadi

Damraj

2008

Parasitol Res

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A field evaluation of the formalin-gasoline procedure to detect parasite ova, cysts, or larvae from 470 fecal specimens (comprising both fresh and formalin-preserved stool samples) was compared with that of the formalin-ether sedimentation technique. Parallel concentrates with diethyl ether and gasoline were prepared for each specimen, and the species and appearance of recovered parasite species were determined. Of 470 total specimens, 206 (43.83%) were found to be positive for parasites in one or both concentration techniques. Gasoline was comparable to diethyl ether in the recovery of parasite eggs, cysts, and larvae, so that the formalin-gasoline and the formalin-diethyl ether sedimentation techniques detected 165 and 156 positive of total specimens, respectively. In this study, gasoline proved to be as good as diethyl ether in concentrating parasite eggs and cysts, as well as in maintaining characteristic morphology. However, gasoline was considerably superior to diethyl ether in detecting larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis. Parallel examination of total stool samples by the routine formalin-ether (original) and by the formalin-gasoline techniques resulted in identical distribution of positive slides and morphology of recovered parasite species. However, the easy availability of gasoline (wherever gas stations are present) and its low cost in comparison to ether makes gasoline superior to ether for use in concentration of stools by the sedimentation method in laboratories, including laboratories with limited material resources and also laboratories present in small cities and rural health centers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A field evaluation of formalin–gasoline technique in the concentration of stool for detection of intestinal parasites

Ahmadi

Damraj

2008

Parasitol Res

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“…Various studies had showen significant increase in parasitic detection after concentration metods (Parija et al, 2003;Parameshwarappa et al, 2012). Concentration allows the detection of the parasites which are present in small numbers, non-uniformly in stool samples and may be skipped by using direct wet mounts.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cross Sectional Study for Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infestation by Using Saline, Iodine, Glycerol-Iodine, KOH and LPCB Wet Mount Preparations of Stool Samples From Patients Attending Aims, Dewas

Jain¹,

Gurjar²,

Rajput³

2018

Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci

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“…7,8 Although several diagnostic methods such as formalin-acetone concentration (FAC), formalin-gasoline concentration (FGC), and formalin-tween concentration (FTC) techniques are available, formalin-ether concentration (FEC) technique is used as a reliable diagnostic method for helminth eggs, larvae, and protozoan cysts in stool specimens for many laboratories in different parts of the world. [9][10][11][12] However, the recovery efficiency of this technique is not as high as had been thought for some intestinal parasites. For example, the FEC method may be suboptimal for the detection of Hymenolepis nana and Iodamoeba, 9,13 T. trichiura eggs 14 and S. stercoralis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing the efficiency of four diagnostic concentration techniques performed on the same group of intestinal parasites

Pakdad

Nasab

Damraj

et al. 2018

Alexandria Journal of Medicine

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Background: Intestinal parasites are a major public health problem, and their accurate diagnosis is important. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the efficiency of four concentration techniques for the detection of intestinal parasites under laboratory conditions. Methods: A total of 800 suspension specimens including 200 samples for each technique were simultaneously and parallel processed for comparing the diagnostic efficiency of the formalin-tween (FTC), formalin-ether (FEC), formalin-acetone (FAC), and formalin-gasoline concentration (FGC) techniques. Results: Sensitivity of FTC, FEC, FAC, and FGC techniques for diagnosis of intestinal parasites was 71.7%, 55.8%, 70.0% and 56.7%; and their negative predictive values (NPV) were 70.2%, 60.2%, 69.0% and 60.6%, respectively. FTC and FAC techniques with equivalent recovery rates were significantly more sensitive than FEC and FGC techniques for diagnosing helminth ova, but for diagnosis of protozoan cysts they were reversed. Overall diagnostic j agreement for FTC and FAC techniques was substantial, while for FEC and FGC techniques it was moderate. The j statistic indicated low to moderate agreement for diagnosis of helminths and moderate to substantial agreement for protozoa. Conclusion: Tween, acetone and gasoline reagents are more stable, safer, less flammable and of lower cost than that of ether; and promise to be a useful alternative to ether-concentration. Our results demonstrated that the combined use of parasitological techniques is important for the diagnosis of all intestinal parasites. FTC and FGC techniques are superior for the diagnosis of helminth ova and protozoan cysts in stool, respectively. Additional studies are suggested, using a larger sample size and different parasites in the field.

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Evaluation of Formalin — Acetone Sedimentation in the Concentration of Stool for Intestinal Parasites

Cited by 9 publications

References 3 publications

A field evaluation of formalin–gasoline technique in the concentration of stool for detection of intestinal parasites

A field evaluation of formalin–gasoline technique in the concentration of stool for detection of intestinal parasites

A Cross Sectional Study for Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infestation by Using Saline, Iodine, Glycerol-Iodine, KOH and LPCB Wet Mount Preparations of Stool Samples From Patients Attending Aims, Dewas

Comparing the efficiency of four diagnostic concentration techniques performed on the same group of intestinal parasites

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