Evaluation of flaxseed formulation as a potential therapeutic agent in mitigation of dyslipidemia

Saxena, Sonali; Katare, Charu

doi:10.4103/2319-4170.126447

Cited by 33 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Our results confirmed the previous data [28], which showed that flaxseed powder consumption desirably reduced serum lipids. Similar to our results, a recent study reported that flaxseed intake is associated with a significant improvement in lipid profile [29]. Cornish et al found only reduction in serum TG and not the cholesterol level of patients with metabolic syndrome who were supplemented with flaxseed lignin [30].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The Effect of Flaxseed Enriched Yogurt on the Glycemic Status and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Randomized, Open-labeled, Controlled Study

et al. 2019

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Flaxseed is one of the rich sources of α-linolenic acid and lignan. Flaxseed and its components have antioxidant, hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic effects. The study aimed to investigate the effect of flaxseed enriched yogurt on glycemic control, lipid profiles and blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes. A randomized, open-labeled, controlled clinical trial was conducted on 57 patients with type 2 diabetes. Participants were assigned to receive 200 g 2.5% fat yogurt containing 30-g flaxseed or plain yogurt daily for 8 weeks. Anthropometrics and biochemical parameters were evaluated at the beginning and end of the study. After 8 weeks of supplementation, Hemoglobin A1c was significantly decreased in the intervention group compared to control (p = 0.007). Also, at the end of the study, significant differences were seen between the flaxseed enriched yogurt and control groups in triglycerides and total cholesterol concentrations (p = 0.04 and p = 0.01), systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.02 and p = 0.002, respectively). However, we did not find any difference between 2 groups in low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, body weight and waist circumference (p > 0.05). Our results showed that the addition of flaxseed to yogurt can be effective in the management of type 2 diabetes.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02436369

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The Effect of Flaxseed Enriched Yogurt on the Glycemic Status and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Randomized, Open-labeled, Controlled Study

et al. 2019

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“…Overall, 1,698 participants were assigned into these trials randomly, in that 875 individuals were allocated to the flaxseed intervention group and 823 to the control group. The 31 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were published from 1993 to 2020, and were conducted in China (n = 3) [ 19 , 28 , 29 ], United States (n = 6) [ 21 , 23 , 30 – 33 ], Canada (n = 3) [ 34 – 36 ], Japan (n = 1) [ 20 ], Greece (n = 3) [ 37 – 39 ], Brazil (n = 5) [ 22 , 40 – 43 ], Demark (n = 1) [ 44 ], Germany (n = 1) [ 45 ], India (n = 1) [ 46 ], and Iran (n = 7) [ 47 – 53 ]. Four trials were conducted exclusively in men [ 20 , 37 – 39 ], 2 trials were conducted in women [ 31 , 44 ], the remaining 25 RCTs were conducted in both sexes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparisons of the effects of different flaxseed products consumption on lipid profiles, inflammatory cytokines and anthropometric indices in patients with dyslipidemia related diseases: systematic review and a dose–response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

et al. 2021

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Background Flaxseed is widely used as a functional food for its rich sources of linolenic acid, lignans and dietary fibers in the world. This systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is first to evaluate effects of different flaxseed products (whole flaxseed, oil and lignans) on lipid profiles, inflammatory and anthropometric parameters in patients with dyslipidemia related diseases. Methods Literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central, Scopus, and Web of Science from the inception dates to January, 2020. Weighted mean differences with the 95% confidence interval (CI) were pooled using fix or random-effects models. Results Thirty-one RCTs involving 1,698 participants were included. The present meta-analysis revealed that flaxseed consumption had an overall beneficial effect on serum TC, LDL-C, TG, apo B and IL-6 in patients with dyslipidemia related diseases, but not on apo A, HDL-C, hs-CRP, CRP and anthropometric indices. However, different flaxseed products showed obviously different effects. Whole flaxseed supplementation significantly reduced TC (− 11.85 mg/dl, 95% CI − 20.12 to − 3.57, P = 0.005), LDL-C (− 10.51 mg/dl, 95% CI − 14.96 to − 6.06, P < 0.001), TG (− 19.77 mg/dl, 95% CI − 33.61 to − 5.94, P = 0.005), apolipoprotein B (− 5.73 mg/dl, 95% CI − 7.53 to − 3.93, P < 0.001), TC/HDL-C (− 0.10, 95% CI − 0.19 to − 0.003, P = 0.044) and weight (− 0.40 kg, 95% CI − 0.76 to − 0.05, P = 0.027); Lignans supplementation significantly reduced TC (− 17.86 mg/dl, P = 0.004), LDL-C (− 15.47 mg/dl, P < 0.001) and TC/HDL-C (− 0.45, P = 0.04). Although flaxseed oil supplementation had no such lowering-effect on lipid, meta-analysis revealed its lowering-effect on IL-6 (− 0.35 pg/ml, P = 0.033) and hs-CRP (− 1.54 mg/l, P = 0.004). Subgroup analysis revealed that whole flaxseed decreased TC, LDL-C and TG levels irrespective of country and the intervention time prescribed, but was more pronounced when the dose of whole flaxseed was ≤ 30 g/day (TC: WMD − 13.61 mg/mL; LDL-C: WMD − 10.52 mg/mL; TG: WMD − 23.52 mg/mL), rather not a dose > 30 g/day. Moreover, a linear relationship between dose of whole flaxseed and absolute changes in C-reactive protein (P = 0.036) and a nonlinear relationship between with IL-6 (P < 0.001) were detected. Conclusions Flaxseed intervention suggested the positive effects on lipid profiles, inflammatory cytokines and anthropometric indices in patients with dyslipidemia related diseases. Of these, whole flaxseed and lignans play an important role in reducing blood lipid, while flaxseed oil mainly plays in anti-inflammatory. Lipid- and weight-lowering was significant when whole flaxseed was consumed at doses < 30 mg/d, for lipid status with mixed dyslipidemia and patients with BMI > 25. Graphic abstract

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“…Among the studies, the most effective plants on the weight loss are green tea (with effective dose of 6,000 mg/day for green tea and 400-800 mg/day for catechins), P. vulgaris (with effective dose of 1,000 mg/day), G. cambogia (with effective dose of 2,400 mg/day), N. sativa (with effective dose of 3,000 mg/day), puerh tea (with effective dose of 1,000 mg/day), I. gabonensis (with effective dose of 300 mg/day), C. fimbriata (with effective dose of 1,000 mg/day), respectively. Other plants that have been affected by weight loss and BMI include cumin (with doses of 100 and 3,000 mg/day; Zare, Heshmati, Fallahzadeh, & Nadjarzadeh, 2014, Taghizadeh, Memarzadeh, Asemi, & Esmaillzadeh, 2015, flaxseed (with doses of 2,500 and 6,000 mg/day; Saxena & Katare, 2014, Cassani, Fassini, Silvah, Lima, & Marchini, 2015, Hibiscus sabdariffa (with effective dose of 75 mg/day; Kuriyan, Kumar, Rajendran, & Kurpad, 2010, Chang, Peng, Yeh, Kao, & Wang, 2014, rosehip (with dose of 100 mg/day; Nagatomo et al, 2015, Andersson, Berger, Hogberg, Landin-olsson, & Holm, 2012, Lycium Barbarum (with doses of 30, 60, and 120 ml/day; Amagase & Nance, 2011, Amagase & Nance, 2008), cinnamon (with doses of 550 and 2,000 mg/day; Vafa et al, 2012, Akilen, Tsiami, Devendra, & Robinson, 2010, and so forth, as detailed in Table S3.…”

Section: Body Weightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the herbal medicines in obesity and metabolic syndrome: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of clinical trials

Payab

Hasani‐Ranjbar

Shahbal

et al. 2019

Phytotherapy Research

100

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Obesity is a medical situation in which excess body fat has gathered because of imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure. In spite of the fact that the variety of studies are available for obesity treatment and management, its “globesity” still remains a big challenge all over the world. The current systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of effective herbal medicines in the management and treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome in human. We systematically searched all relevant clinical trials via Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and the Cochrane database to assess the effects of raw or refined products derived from plants or parts of plants on obesity and metabolic syndrome in overweight and obesity adult subjects. All studies conducted by the end of May 2019 were considered in the systematic review. Data were extracted independently by two experts. The quality assessment was assessed using Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials checklist. The main outcomes were anthropometric indices and metabolic syndrome components. Pooled effect of herbal medicines on obesity and metabolic syndrome were presented as standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). A total of 279 relevant clinical trials were included. Herbals containing green tea, Phaseolus vulgaris, Garcinia cambogia, Nigella sativa, puerh tea, Irvingia gabonensis, and Caralluma fimbriata and their active ingredients were found to be effective in the management of obesity and metabolic syndrome. In addition, C. fimbriata, flaxseed, spinach, and fenugreek were able to reduce appetite. Meta‐analysis showed that intake of green tea resulted in a significant improvement in weight ([SMD]: −0.75 [−1.18, −0.319]), body mass index ([SMD]: −1.2 [−1.82, −0.57]), waist circumference ([SMD]: −1.71 [−2.66, −0.77]), hip circumference ([SMD]: −0.42 [−1.02, −0.19]), and total cholesterol, ([SMD]: −0.43 [−0.77, −0.09]). In addition, the intake of P. vulgaris and N. sativa resulted in a significant improvement in weight ([SMD]: −0.88, 95 % CI: [−1.13, −0.63]) and triglyceride ([SMD]: −1.67, 95 % CI: [−2.54, −0.79]), respectively. High quality trials are still needed to firmly establish the clinical efficacy of the plants in obesity and metabolic syndrome.

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Evaluation of flaxseed formulation as a potential therapeutic agent in mitigation of dyslipidemia

Abstract: The supplementation of roasted flaxseed powder for 3 months improved the BMI, blood pressure, and lipid profile of dyslipidemic subjects, thus exhibiting cardio protective effect.

Cited by 33 publications

References 33 publications

The Effect of Flaxseed Enriched Yogurt on the Glycemic Status and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Randomized, Open-labeled, Controlled Study

The Effect of Flaxseed Enriched Yogurt on the Glycemic Status and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Randomized, Open-labeled, Controlled Study

Comparisons of the effects of different flaxseed products consumption on lipid profiles, inflammatory cytokines and anthropometric indices in patients with dyslipidemia related diseases: systematic review and a dose–response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Effect of the herbal medicines in obesity and metabolic syndrome: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of clinical trials

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