Evaluation of Fatigue Damage in Adhesive Bonding: Part 1: Bulk Adhesive

Wahab, Magd Abdel; Hilmy, Irfan; Ashcroft, IA; Crocombe, A.D.

doi:10.1163/016942409x12508517390798

Cited by 23 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…During the fatigue damage test, D firstly increases mildly from zero, and then goes up acutely to 1 upon fracture. We apply a fatigue damage evolution law to correlate the damage variable D to the number of cycles as follows (Abdel et al, 2010):…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatigue Damage–Resistant Physical Hydrogel Adhesion

Wang

Liu

et al. 2021

Front. Robot. AI

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Strong adhesion between hydrogels and various engineering surfaces has been achieved; yet, achieving fatigue-resistant hydrogel adhesion remains challenging. Here, we examine the fatigue of a specific type of hydrogel adhesion enabled by hydrogen bonds and wrinkling and show that the physical interactions–based hydrogel adhesion can resist fatigue damage. We synthesize polyacrylamide hydrogel as the adherend and poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) hydrogel as the adhesive. The adherend and the adhesive interact via hydrogen bonds. We further introduce wrinkles at the interface by biaxially prestretching and then releasing the adherends and perform butt-joint tests to probe the adhesion performance. Experimental results reveal that the samples with a wrinkled interface resist fatigue damage, while the samples with a flat interface fail in ~9,000 cycles at stress levels of 70 and 63% peak stresses in static failure. The endurance limit of the wrinkled-interface samples is comparable to the peak stress of the flat-interface samples. Moreover, we find that the nearly perfectly elastic polyacrylamide hydrogel also suffers fatigue damage, which limits the fatigue life of the wrinkled-interface samples. When cohesive failure ensues, the evolutions of the elastic modulus of wrinkled-interface samples and hydrogel bulk, both in satisfactory agreements with the predictions of damage accumulation theory, are alike. We observe similar behaviors in different material systems with polyacrylamide hydrogels with different water contents. This work proves that physical interactions can be engaged in engineering fatigue-resistant adhesion between soft materials such as hydrogels.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatigue Damage–Resistant Physical Hydrogel Adhesion

Wang

Liu

et al. 2021

Front. Robot. AI

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“…[13] However, the stress state in bulk adhesives is simpler than in adhesive bondlines, while bulk adhesive specimen dimensions can meet (fatigue) testing standards. [14] Differences in the stress state within the specimen configuration, rather than material-related differences can cause differences between the apparent properties, namely the shear strength and the tensile strength, [15] for thin film insitu and bulk adhesive samples. Likewise, the behavior of a joint is also affected by the dimensions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing mechanical performance of adhesively bonded composite joints in engineering applications: an overview

Budzik

Wolfahrt

Reis

et al. 2021

The Journal of Adhesion

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The development of new adhesives has allowed to expand the application of bonding into the most diverse industrial fields. This review article presents the commonly used experimental methods for the investigation of mechanical performance of adhesively bonded joints in the aerospace, wind energy, automotive and civil engineering sectors. In these sectors, due to their excellent intrinsic properties, composite materials are often used along with conventional materials such as steel, concrete and aluminium. In this context, and due to the limitations that the traditional joining techniques present, adhesive joints are an excellent alternative. However, standardized experimental procedures are not always applicable for testing representative adhesive joints in these industries. Lack of relevant regulations across the different fields is often overcome by the academia and companies' own regulations and standards. Additional costs are thus mitigated to the industrial sectors in relation with the certification process which effectively can deprive even the biggest companies from promoting adhesive bonding. To ensure continuous growth of the adhesive bonding field the new international standards, focusing on actual adhesive joints' performance rather than on specific application of adhesive joints are necessary.

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“…Useful data on the elastic properties of structural adhesives can be provided by both specimen configurations if purely elastic behaviour is considered [7]. However, the stress state in bulk adhesives is simpler than in adhesive bondlines, while bulk adhesive specimen dimensions can meet (fatigue) testing standards [8]. Differences in the stress state within the specimen configuration, rather than material related differences can cause differences between the apparent properties, namely the shear strength and the tensile strength in Burst et al [9] for thin film in-situ and bulk adhesive samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of fatigue of bulk structural adhesives and thick adhesive joints

Zuo

Vassilopoulos

2020

International Materials Reviews

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Fatigue of structural adhesives has been investigated through joints and a little number of works investigate bulk adhesive behaviour itself. Aerospace and automotive engineering focuses more on joint configuration studies, which are correlated with practical applications. Previous works showed that for thin adhesive joints, material properties measured by bulk adhesive testing and joint testing are similar despite the triaxial stress states developing in the adhesive bondlines. However, with the introduction of structural adhesives in construction industry, thicker bondlines have emerged where the bulk adhesive material dominates the joint behaviour. This review work summarises works on the fatigue of bulk structural adhesives used mainly in the construction industry investigating structural adhesives fatigue behaviour either through experiment on joints or on bulk adhesive specimens. The work focuses on thick adhesive bondlines in joints, and discusses the controversy that is over whether adhesive properties from joints or from bulk material should be used.

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Evaluation of Fatigue Damage in Adhesive Bonding: Part 1: Bulk Adhesive

Cited by 23 publications

References 11 publications

Fatigue Damage–Resistant Physical Hydrogel Adhesion

Fatigue Damage–Resistant Physical Hydrogel Adhesion

Testing mechanical performance of adhesively bonded composite joints in engineering applications: an overview

Review of fatigue of bulk structural adhesives and thick adhesive joints

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