Evaluation of faecal indices for predicting phosphorus status of cattle

Holechek, Jerry L.; Galyean, M. L.; Wallace, Joe D.; Wofford, Helen

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2494.1985.tb01782.x

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Researchers have used faecal nutrient concentration studies in a variety of indigenous types of wildlife as well as for domestic livestock (Erasmus et al 1978;Belonje & Van den Berg 1980;Holechek et al 1982Holechek et al , 1985Leslie & Starkey 1985;Leite & Stuth 1990;Irwin et al 1993;Grant et al 1995Grant et al , 1996Grant et al , 2000MacLeod et al 1996;Vorster 1996;Wrench et al 1996Wrench et al , 1997Van der Waal et al 2003;Codron et al 2005;Botha & Stock 2005;Mbatha & Ward 2006). Leslie & Starkey (1985) found that faecal nitrogen concentration increases with an increase of the nitrogen concentration of the herbivore's diet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been demonstrated that faecal nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations can be used as indicators of the nutritive intake of a herbivore (Belonje 1978;Belonje & Van den Berg 1980;Holechek et al 1985;Grant et al 1996;Wrench et al 1997;Botha & Stock 2005) and that comparing the faecal components of animals in different habitats could be of assistance in understanding their nutritional ecology (Erasmus et al 1978;Wofford et al 1985;Wrench et al 1997; Van der Waal et al 2003). Researchers have used faecal nutrient concentration studies in a variety of indigenous types of wildlife as well as for domestic livestock (Erasmus et al 1978;Belonje & Van den Berg 1980;Holechek et al 1982Holechek et al , 1985Leslie & Starkey 1985;Leite & Stuth 1990;Irwin et al 1993;Grant et al 1995Grant et al , 1996Grant et al , 2000MacLeod et al 1996;Vorster 1996;Wrench et al 1996Wrench et al , 1997Van der Waal et al 2003;Codron et al 2005;Botha & Stock 2005;Mbatha & Ward 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial and temporal variation in nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in faeces from springbok in the Kalahari

Stapelberg

2008

South African Journal of Wildlife Research

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The nutritional status of springbok, Antidorcas marsupialis, in the Kalahari was assessed in four habitats and three seasons by means of faecal profiling. Habitat only had a significant effect on the faecal nitrogen concentration in the cold-dry season, whereas faecal phosphorus concentrations showed no significant differences across habitats within a season. Seasonal differences in faecal nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations were more pronounced than habitat differences. Both faecal nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations differed significantly seasonally in the Nossob riverbed and in the dunes. Faecal concentrations of phosphorus and nitrogen were similar to that of springbok in other areas, but faecal nitrogen and phosphorus were below the critical range during the cold-dry season in the dune habitat and at a critically low level in the Nossob riverbed. Springbok in the southwestern Kalahari may experience nutritional stress during the dry winter period, especially in the interior dune fields.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and temporal variation in nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in faeces from springbok in the Kalahari

Stapelberg

2008

South African Journal of Wildlife Research

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“…Analisando as concentrações de P nas fezes, Tabela 8 -Regressão linear relacionando concentrações fecais de P (%P) na matéria seca (YMS) ou na matéria orgânica (YMO), obtidas de amostras retais, à quantidade do elemento na dieta (g/dia, X) nota-se que as equações de regressão encontradas (Tabela 7) foram muito semelhantes àquelas descritas por HOLECHECK et al (1985) e MOIR (1960, para a estimativa da concentração de P na dieta, a partir da concentração de P na matéria seca orgânica fecal. Aparentemente, o fato de serem utilizadas amostras de fezes coletadas diretamente do reto não alterou a equação obtida com a coleta total de fezes.…”

Section: Nicodemo Et Alunclassified

Uso de parâmetros ósseos, plasmáticos e fecais na determinação da deficiência de fósforo em bovinos

et al. 2000

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RESUMO -Quinze novilhos Nelore foram distribuídos em três tratamentos, consistindo de dieta basal capaz de proporcionar ganhos da ordem de 600 g/dia, suplementada (15 ou 11 g P/dia) ou não (5 g P/dia) com fosfato monoamônico, para determinar as alterações provocadas por deficiência de P em parâmetros ósseos, sangüíneos e fecais. Biópsias de costela foram obtidas aos 60 e 250 dias de experimentação. Amostras de plasma foram coletadas quinzenalmente e amostras de fezes retais, analisadas em sete ocasiões, durante os 250 dias do experimento. Coleta total (diária) de fezes foi feita em dois períodos, aos 60 e 243 dias, durante sete dias. Aos 60 dias, P expresso em relação ao osso fresco, osso seco e desengordurado e ao volume de osso discriminaram entre os tratamentos. Aos 250 dias, a espessura da camada cortical e as concentrações de cinzas e fósforo foram reduzidas na deficiência de P. Observou-se queda na concentração de fósforo inorgânico plasmático (Pi), já aos 12 dias de experimentação, apresentando valores em torno de 3,0 mg % na época em que ganho de peso foi afetado (82 dias). Foi observada elevação do Ca e da fosfatase alcalina na deficiência de P, sem alterações na concentração de hidroxiprolina do plasma. As concentrações de P nas fezes aumentaram com a concentração do elemento na dieta, mas a utilização de amostras coletadas do reto não propiciou detecção precoce de deficiência de P. A definição de níveis críticos para a determinação de deficiência apresentou problemas.Palavras-chave: bovinos, deficiência, fósforo, níveis críticos, osso, plasma Use of Bone, Plasma and Feces in the Assessment of P Status in CattleABSTRACT -Fifteen Nellore steers were allotted to three treatments, consisting of a basal diet, which will be able to provide gains of about 600 g/day, supplemented (15 or 11 g P/day) or not (5 g P/day) with monoammonium phosphate in order to evaluate the alterations in bone, plasma and fecal measurements due to P deficiency. Rib biopsies were taken at 60 and 250 days of trial, plasma samples were taken every 15 days, and fecal grab samples were analyzed in seven occasions along the trial. Total daily fecal collection was performed in two occasions, at 60 and 243 days of the trial, for seven days. At day 60, P expressed as fresh bone, dried defatted bone and bone volume were able to detect treatment differences. At day 250, cortical thickness, P and ash concentrations were reduced in P deficiency. Plasma inorganic P (Pi) was lower at 12 days of trial, with values close to 3,0 mg % at the time where daily weight gain was affected (day 82). Calcium and total alkaline phosphatase increased in P deficiency, without changes on the plasma hidroxyproline concentration. Fecal P concentrations increased as the dietary P concentrations increased, but grab samples did not allow early detection of P deficiency. The definition of critical P levels for the determination of deficiency showed problems.

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“…A large amount of research has attempted to measure P responses and have come to the conclusion that faecal P alone is not a sufficient indicator of when a response to fertilisation or supplementation of breeding cattle will occur (Winks et al, 1977;Holechek et al, 1985;Read et al, 1986c;Wadsworth et al, 1990;Ternouth and Coates, 1997;Karn, 2001;Dixon and Coates, 2010;Jackson et al, 2012). The suggestion of FP:ME being a good indicator of dietary P status is based on research conducted at Springmount and Lansdown in north Queensland.…”

Section: The Fp:me Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there is little standardisation and the method is invasive and not practical for commercial measurement (Quigley et al, 2015). A large amount of research has also concluded that measurement of faecal P alone is not an accurate indicator of whether a response to fertilisation or P supplementation of breeding cattle will result in a significant improvement in performance (Winks et al, 1977;Holechek et al, 1985;Read et al, 1986c;Wadsworth et al, 1990;Ternouth and Coates, 1997;Karn, 2001;Dixon and Coates, 2010;Jackson et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting the faecal P status of lactating beef cattle in Northern Australia

Dollemore¹

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Phosphorus (P) deficiency can be challenging to diagnose and its impact on beef production difficult to quantify. However, an indicator of wet season P has been identified as a major factor affecting the reproductive performance of beef breeding females across northern Australia (McGowan et al., 2014). Faecal near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (FNIRS, to estimate dietary metabolisable energy (ME)) and wet chemistry (to estimate faecal P (FP)) are methods used to create a newly developed ratio of faecal phosphorus to metabolisable energy (FP:ME) to assess the risk of P deficiency adversely affecting the reproductive performance of beef breeding herds. This study investigated property-level environmental, management and animal factors affecting wet season FP:ME under extensive grazing conditions. Pooled faecal samples were collected over the wet season (November, January, February, April) for three years from commercial beef breeding mobs managed on 78 properties located across northern Australia. Animal, management and environmental information was subjected to univariate and multivariate analysis to identify those factors that significantly influenced wet season FP:ME. The three major factors affecting the likelihood of FP:ME being less than 500mgP/MJME, i.e.where the risk of wet season P deficiency was considered to adversely affect the reproductive performance of heifers and cows, were the soil P classification of the property according to McCosker and Winks (1994), an early onset of the wet season, and the duration of wet season P supplementation. In locations where soil P had been historically categorised as "acute and deficient" the prevalence with which the wet season FP:ME was considered to adversely affect reproductive performance was 42% greater than for locations categorised as "adequate" (Odds ratio (OR)=17.8; p=0.002). When the onset of the wet season was "normal to late" the prevalence of an adverse effect on reproductive performance was 27% greater than when the wet season onset was "early" (i.e. before 15th September) (OR=5.4; p=0.002). Where properties provided a P supplement for greater than one month during the wet season the prevalence of an adverse effect was 25% greater than when wet season P supplement was provided for one month or less (OR=4.7; p=0.048). As only 22% of producers provided wet season P supplement for more than one month and of them, 68% were located on soil types acutely deficient in P, it is suggested there has been a confounding of the "duration of wet season P 3 | P a g e M . P h i l . -W h i t n e y D o l l e m o r e -4 1 0 1 4 8 8 6supplementation" result by soil P classification and producer awareness of breeder requirements for wet season P supplementation. Further research is required to define the direct and modifying effects of each of these factors on the FP:ME ratio.This study has served to identify the main factors affecting the FP:ME and may assist in the decision-making process for management strategies to reduce the risk of P deficiency adversely ...

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Evaluation of faecal indices for predicting phosphorus status of cattle

Cited by 22 publications

References 9 publications

Spatial and temporal variation in nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in faeces from springbok in the Kalahari

Spatial and temporal variation in nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in faeces from springbok in the Kalahari

Uso de parâmetros ósseos, plasmáticos e fecais na determinação da deficiência de fósforo em bovinos

Factors affecting the faecal P status of lactating beef cattle in Northern Australia

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