Evaluation of factors that influence anxiety and satisfaction in patients undergoing bronchofiberoscopy with analgosedation

Andrychiewicz, Anna; Konarska, Katarzyna; Górka, Karolina; Bartyzel, S.; Salek, Marta; Biedroń, Grzegorz; Surowiec, Aleksandra; Sładek, Krzysztof; Soja, Jerzy; Szczeklik, Wojciech

doi:10.1111/crj.12384

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…[9] Furthermore, it has been reported that prior experience of bronchoscopy helps in reducing anxiety levels and makes patients better prepared for the procedure. [30] However, we did not find prior experience of bronchoscopy a significant predictor in our analysis. While this study sheds light on several interesting aspects related to the predictors of anxiety in patients undergoing bronchoscopy, it also possesses the potential to influence patient management and willingness to undergo the procedure again in the future.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

Level and predictors of anxiety in patients undergoing diagnostic bronchoscopy

Aljohaney

2019

Ann Thorac Med

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AIMS: Flexible bronchoscopy is a common procedure performed in pulmonary medicine, critical care, and thoracic surgery. In this study, we aimed to assess the prevalence and predictors of anxiety in patients undergoing diagnostic bronchoscopy. METHODS: This is a prospective study conducted at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. All patients undergoing diagnostic bronchoscopy filled the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory questionnaire before the procedure. Bronchoscopy was performed either through the mouth or the nose, based on the bronchoscopist preference. Lidocaine (1%–2%) spray was used for administering topical anesthesia. Results were collected, and statistical analysis was performed using t -test to measure statistically significant ( P < 0.05). RESULTS: A total of 117 patients participated in this study. High anxiety score was found in 45% of the patients. Older patients significantly showed higher anxiety score than younger patients (53 years vs. 46 years, P = 0.034). Similarly, patients with higher body mass index (BMI) showed a statistically significant increase in anxiety score (28 vs. 25, P = 0.041). Premedication with pethidine significantly reduced the anxiety levels (26.9% vs. 73.1%, P = 0.031). Logistic regression demonstrated that old age and outpatient settings were significant predictors of higher anxiety scores. CONCLUSION: Diagnostic bronchoscopy can cause high anxiety in many patients. Prebronchoscopy anxiety assessment can help bronchoscopists to anticipate the anxiety levels of patients, and then further use it to tailor sedation requirements. Special attention should be given to older patients, patients with high BMI, and the ones undergoing bronchoscopy in outpatient settings.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 63%

Level and predictors of anxiety in patients undergoing diagnostic bronchoscopy

Aljohaney

2019

Ann Thorac Med

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“…Although it is certainly necessary to minimize discomfort during bronchoscopy, it cannot be eliminated. In previous studies investigating factors that influence anxiety and satisfaction experienced by patients undergoing bronchoscopy, patients who showed willingness to be re-examined and underwent multiple bronchoscopies were on average more satisfied with their physicians’ explanations of the procedure [10,11]. Although patients fear a variety of things before bronchoscopy, such as pain, breathing difficulties, and oropharyngeal irritation, doctors tend to explain "why" but not "how" the procedure is performed [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of factors during bronchoscopy that affect patient reluctance to undergo repeat examination: Questionnaire analysis after initial bronchoscopy

et al. 2018

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BackgroundRe-biopsy by bronchoscopy is an important part of treatment for patients with relapsed lung cancer; however, some patients refuse to undergo a re-examination due to discomfort during their first bronchoscopy. The aim of the present study was to determine factors causing discomfort during bronchoscopy and to identify the factors that affect patients’ reluctance to undergo repeat examinations via a questionnaire administered immediately after the initial bronchoscopy.Methods and findingsWe evaluated 283 patients who underwent bronchoscopy at Chiba University Hospital between September 2015 and March 2017. Following bronchoscopy, the patients answered a questionnaire regarding the procedure. We identified patient characteristics and factors related to bronchoscopy that were associated with patients’ reluctance to undergo re-examination.Two hundred nine patients were ultimately enrolled in the study. The factors affecting patient tolerance for re-examination were female sex (odds ratio [OR], 2.81; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.43–5.53), discomfort during the examination (OR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.13–2.56), and unexpectedness of discomfort during the examination (OR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.19–2.81). Patients experienced discomfort most frequently owing to throat anesthesia (n = 50 [24%]).ConclusionsComfort during bronchoscopy is an important factor influencing patient tolerance for re-examination. Expectations of discomfort during bronchoscopy, as indicated by instructions provided before examination, and throat anesthesia are also important factors. Detailed explanations about bronchoscopy and improvement of the methods of throat anesthesia could decrease patient discomfort and may help decrease patients’ reluctance to undergo re-examinations.

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“…In our study, 8 out if the 20 patients did have a previous bronchoscopy. The influence of a previous bronchoscopy on the level of anxiety is debated in the literature, with contradictory results(2,19). In the future, a controlled study could also analyze the effect of a previous bronchoscopy, with or without VRH, on anxiety.…”

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confidence: 99%

Hypnosis associated with 3D immersive virtual reality technology during bronchoscopy under local anesthesia

Lachkar¹,

Gervereau²,

Lanquetuit³

et al. 2022

J Thorac Dis

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Background: Patients undergoing flexible bronchoscopy under local anesthesia usually experience anxiety before and during the procedure. Different non-pharmacological techniques, including music and hypnosis, are used to distract patients' attention, and to reduce anxiety. The new technique "virtual reality hypnosis (VRH)", defined as a hypnotic induction suggestion delivered by personalized virtual reality software, can generate a simulation of a lifelike environment. No study has described the use of VRH during bronchoscopy. The objective is to investigate the anxiety reducing effect and the satisfaction of patients, physicians, and nurses using VRH during bronchoscopy Methods: VRH was proposed to all patients who experienced anxiety before undergoing flexible bronchoscopy under local anesthesia. Local anesthesia was performed using 5% lidocaine spray only. No sedation was used. After the procedure, patients, physicians and nurses filled a standardized satisfaction form.Results: Twenty consecutive patients who reported pre-procedure anxiety were included. The sex ratio was 16 women/4 men, the median age was 65 years. Eight patients (40%) had undergone a previous bronchoscopy under local anesthesia. The median duration of the procedure was 10 minutes, and all procedures were completed. The median level of anxiety of patients decreased from 9/10 before the procedure to 4/10 during the procedure. The median satisfaction rate regarding the use of VRH was 10/10. All patients agreed to use VRH again in case of a new bronchoscopy procedure.Conclusions: This preliminary report has shown that VRH was useful to reduce patients' anxiety during bronchoscopy under local anesthesia. VRH was easily implemented in the routine practice.

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Evaluation of factors that influence anxiety and satisfaction in patients undergoing bronchofiberoscopy with analgosedation

Abstract: Patients who had previously undergone BF were better prepared for their procedure; however, satisfaction levels after the procedure were similar in both groups. Results suggest that medical staff should target patients who have not undergone BF previously to relieve anxiety.

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Level and predictors of anxiety in patients undergoing diagnostic bronchoscopy

Level and predictors of anxiety in patients undergoing diagnostic bronchoscopy

Identification of factors during bronchoscopy that affect patient reluctance to undergo repeat examination: Questionnaire analysis after initial bronchoscopy

Hypnosis associated with 3D immersive virtual reality technology during bronchoscopy under local anesthesia

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