Evaluation of Extruded Pellets Containing Different Protein and Lipid Levels, and Raw Fish-Based Moist Pellet for Growth of Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

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This feeding experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary inclusion of various additives on growth performance, hematological parameters, fatty acid composition, gene expression and histopathological changes in juvenile olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Eleven isonitrogenous (49% crude protein) and isolipidic (10% crude lipid) experimental diets were formulated: no additives (Con); 5% kelp meal (Ke); 10% krill meal (Kr); 1% garlic powder (Ga); 1% citrus meal (Ci); 3% onion powder (On); 1% ginger powder (Gi); 1% mugwort powder (Mu); 1% licorice powder (Li); 1% wasabi powder (Wa); and a mixture (Mix) of these additives. Three replicate groups of juvenile flounder (average weight of 8.5 g) were fed one of the experimental diets to visual satiety twice a day for 15 weeks. The dietary inclusion of additives did not affect survival, weight gain, specific growth rate feed efficiency, daily feed intake, daily protein intake, protein efficiency ratio, hepatosomatic index and visceralsomatic index of the fish. Plasma triglyceride levels were significantly lower in fish fed the Ke, Ga, On, Gi, Mu, Li, and Mix diets than in fish fed the control diet. Plasma glucose, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and total cholesterol did not differ among dietary treatments. No significant difference was observed in fatty acid composition and lipid content of the dorsal muscle in fish fed the experimental diets. Myosin gene expression did not differ significantly among treatments after 5 weeks but was significantly lower in fish fed the Kr, Ci, Li, and Mix diets than in control group after 15 weeks. Histopathological analysis showed mild gill hyperplasia and mild necrosis of liver parenchymal cells in several individuals of each experimental group. These conditions were also observed in the control group and were not thought to be related to the inclusion of feed additives. The present findings indicate that the dietary inclusion of additives did not affect growth performance, fatty acid composition, gene expression, and histopathological changes in juvenile flounder. However, plasma triglyceride content may be reduced by supplementation with 5% kelp meal, 3% onion powder, 1% garlic powder, 1% ginger powder, 1% mugwort powder, and the additive mixture.

unclassified

Effects of Dietary Inclusion of Various Additives on Growth Performance, Hematological Parameters, Fatty Acid Composition, Gene Expression and Histopathological Changes in Juvenile Olive Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

김경덕¹,

서주영²,

)³

et al. 2011

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“…그 동안 넙치 배합사료 개발에 필요한 자료를 위하여 단백질, 지질 및 필수 지방산과 같은 영양소 요구량과 사료원료 이용성에 관한 연구 들이 활발하게 수행되어 왔다 (Lee et al, 2000;Kim et al, 2002; Lee and Kim 2005;Lee et al, 2008). 또한, 넙치 양식 현장에서 주로 사용되고 있는 생사료와 배합사료의 사육효과 비교 연구를 통하여 배합사료로의 생사료 대체 가능성이 보고 되었다 (Kim et al, 2006(Kim et al, , 2008 (Bruce et al, 1996;Lee, 2002;Tibbetts et al, 2004Tibbetts et al, , 2006. 넙치의 경우 사료원료별 아미노산 및 에너지 소화율에 관한 연구가 수행되었으나 (Lee et al, 2008), 여러 종류의 어분을 포함한 양식사료 원료에 대한 건물 및 단백질과 같은 주요 영양소 소화율에 관한 연구는 제한적인 실정이다.…”

Section: 서 론unclassified

Apparent Digestibility Coefficients of Various Feed Ingredients for Olive Flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus

Kim¹,

Kim²,

Kim³

et al. 2010

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The apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter, crude protein and energy in white fishmeal, herring meal, anchovy meal, salmon meal, sardine meal, mackerel meal, squid meal, soybean meal, corn gluten meal and wheat flour were determined for olive flounder. Digestibility coefficients were determined using a reference diet and test diets that contained 70% of the reference diet mixture and 30% test ingredients. All diets contained 0.5% chromic oxide as a digestibility indicator. The fish averaging 220 g were held in 500 L tanks at a density of 20 fish per tank. Feces were collected from three replicated groups of fish using a fecal collection column attached to a fish-rearing tank. The apparent dry matter, crude protein and energy digestibility coefficient values observed were in the ranges 29-79%, 59-95% and 45-91%, respectively, for various test ingredients. The apparent dry matter, crude protein and energy digestibility of white fishmeal, herring meal, anchovy meal, salmon meal, sardine meal, mackerel meal and squid meal were significantly higher than those of soybean meal, corn gluten meal and wheat flour.

“…(Kim et al, 2002), / ) (Alam et al, 2002; , (Kim et al, 2006c;Kim et al, 2011a;Kim et al, 2012;) Pham et al, 2007;Ye et al, 2011). Cho et al, 2005;Lee et al, 2005; et al, 2006a, 2006bKim et al, 2008;An et al, 2011).…”

Section: 서 론mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Extruded and Moist Pellets for Whole-body Proximate Composition and Growth Performance of Olive Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Kim¹,

Lee²,

Bae³

et al. 2014

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Two consecutive feeding trials were conducted to evaluate the effects of extruded pellet (EP) and raw fish-based moist pellet (MP) in the juvenile (experiment I) and sub-adult (experiment II) stages of olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. The fish were distributed randomly to three aquarium tanks, as a group of 1,200 fish (initial mean weight 13.5±1.76 g) in experiment I, and as a group of 390 fish (initial mean weight 385±15.3 g) in experiment II. In experiment I, the weight gain, specific growth rate, feed efficiency, protein efficiency ratio, and survival of fish fed EP were all significantly higher than those of fish fed MP. In experiment II, no significant differences were observed in weight gain, specific growth rate and survival between the EP and MP groups. However, the feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratios of fish fed EP were significantly higher than those of fish fed MP. The results of this study indicate that EP could be developed to replace MP for market size production of olive flounder without any adverse effects on the growth performance. The dietary formulation used in this study could be used as an appropriate feed for olive flounder.