Evaluation of Evolution and Diversity of  Maize Open-Pollinated Varieties Cultivated under Contrasted Environmental and  Farmers’ Selection Pressures: A  Phenotypical Approach

Serpolay-Besson, Estelle; Giuliano, Simon; Schermann, Nicolas; Chable, Véronique

doi:10.4236/ojgen.2014.42014

Cited by 15 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Results of this study, like that of similar studies on other crop species [15,27,28,34,35], enhance our understanding of in situ crop diversity in fields and gardens and alloe to derive conclusions on the management of crop diversity by farmers’ and gardeners’ networks.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Short-Term Local Adaptation of Historical Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Varieties and Implications for In Situ Management of Bean Diversity

Klaedtke

Caproni

Klauck

et al. 2017

IJMS

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recognizing both the stakes of traditional European common bean diversity and the role farmers’ and gardeners’ networks play in maintaining this diversity, the present study examines the role that local adaptation plays for the management of common bean diversity in situ. To the purpose, four historical bean varieties and one modern control were multiplied on two organic farms for three growing seasons. The fifteen resulting populations, the initial ones and two populations of each variety obtained after the three years of multiplication, were then grown in a common garden. Twenty-two Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers and 13 phenotypic traits were assessed. In total, 68.2% of tested markers were polymorphic and a total of 66 different alleles were identified. FST analysis showed that the genetic composition of two varieties multiplied in different environments changed. At the phenotypic level, differences were observed in flowering date and leaf length. Results indicate that three years of multiplication suffice for local adaptation to occur. The spatial dynamics of genetic and phenotypic bean diversity imply that the maintenance of diversity should be considered at the scale of the network, rather than individual farms and gardens. The microevolution of bean populations within networks of gardens and farms emerges as a research perspective.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…Both “days to flowering” [25,34,35] and leaf size [36,37] are considered as indicators of local adaptation. Earlier flowering and earlier maturity in populations multiplied in LUX corresponds with a shorter growing season.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-Term Local Adaptation of Historical Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Varieties and Implications for In Situ Management of Bean Diversity

Klaedtke

Caproni

Klauck

et al. 2017

IJMS

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The populations showed few morphological differences probably due to their intrinsic plasticity, the initial genetic diversity of LR and to the mating system of the species that probably maintains large variability [30]. Similar results were also found by [47,48] who evaluated the morphological changes in spinach and maize in few years of multiplication in different environments, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

A method for obtaining flexible broccoli varieties for sustainable agriculture

Ciancaleoni

Negri

2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThe use of high inputs in agriculture has resulted in few varieties (hybrids and pure lines) used in all agricultural systems. Also varieties of vegetables, including broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.), for organic and low-input agriculture, are almost exclusively hybrids, due to lack of specific breeding programs and varieties for sustainable agriculture.A strategy to overcome this issue is the adoption of specific breeding programs for developing heterogeneous varieties (i.e. synthetics, open pollinated varieties, composite cross populations and mixtures). The heterogeneous varieties, in fact, are able to evolve and adapt to specific agro-climatic conditions.Aim of this study was to develop a method (an Evolutionary Breeding Program, EBP) for obtaining heterogeneous varieties and test its efficiency in giving rise to highly diverse varieties, as needed in sustainable agriculture.A synthetic variety originated from a landrace was multiplied in different environments for 3 cycles and morpho-phenological and genetic diversity of the derived populations was assessed. ResultsThe resulted presented are the first and unique indication about the efficiency of a short-time EBP for an allogamous species like broccoli.Few morphological changes were observed among varieties multiplied in different environments with different agro-climatic conditions. This could be probably due to the initial genetic diversity of the landrace from which the populations were selected and to the great plasticity of the crop. However, SSR data highlighted a genetic differentiation among populations multiplied for two/three years across Europe and in Central Italy, that was not so evident with morphological data. ConclusionsFew years of multiplication in different environments resulted in genetically differentiated broccoli populations that none the less preserved the original genetic diversity and productivity level and appear to evolve in relationship to different environments: the applied EBP is useful for developing

show abstract

“…On the other hand, in resource-poor, low input systems under marginal conditions were farmers can not afford irrigation farming, such as is the case with most smallholder farmers in the Eastern Cape Province, the improved maize OPVs may be a better option. Findings by Serpolay-Besson et al (2014) suggested that maize OPVS have an inherent genetic diversity with a strong potential of evolution and thus can adapt to new conditions when subjected to mass selection especially in organic and low input systems. Such a characteristic in maize OPVs given the drought prone conditions of the Eastern Cape Province can be an advantage.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evaluation on the profitability of growing improved maize open pollinated varieties in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

Sibanda¹,

Mushunje²,

Mutengwa³

2016

J. Dev. Agric. Econ.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study examined the profitability of growing Open Pollinated Varieties (OPVs) of maize against hybrids in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Studies have shown that improved OPVs of maize can be a valuable step for smallholder farmers in semi-arid areas as they are relatively drought tolerant when compared to hybrids. Thirteen maize varieties were evaluated extensively by on-farm trials in selected areas under dry land and irrigated conditions. Nine were newly introduced and improved Open Pollinated Varieties (OPVs), while four were locally grown varieties. Among the locally grown varieties, one was a hybrid-check, while the remaining three were improved OPVs. The objective of this study was to assess the profitability of growing improved maize OPVs compared with hybrids. The Gross Margin analysis was employed to compute the gross margins of improved maize OPVs and hybrids. Results show that the hybrid PAN 6479 variety in general performed better than improved maize OPVs across all environments whereas in some areas, the improved maize OPVs had better gross margins and gross profit margins than the hybrid variety. The indicated genotypes however did not show specific adaptation to selected environments. From the results of the study, it could be put into perspective that it would be profitable to grow improved maize OPVs in the Eastern Cape Province by smallholder farmers given that the Province is semi-arid and farmers are resource-poor. On the other hand, hybrids require high-level use of inputs that could be costly for smallholder farmers.

show abstract

Evaluation of Evolution and Diversity of Maize Open-Pollinated Varieties Cultivated under Contrasted Environmental and Farmers’ Selection Pressures: A Phenotypical Approach

Cited by 15 publications

References 25 publications

Short-Term Local Adaptation of Historical Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Varieties and Implications for In Situ Management of Bean Diversity

Short-Term Local Adaptation of Historical Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Varieties and Implications for In Situ Management of Bean Diversity

A method for obtaining flexible broccoli varieties for sustainable agriculture

An evaluation on the profitability of growing improved maize open pollinated varieties in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About