2008
DOI: 10.1080/01490450802153462
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Evaluation of Electron Microscopic Sample Preparation Methods and Imaging Techniques for Characterization of Cell-Mineral Aggregates

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Cited by 57 publications
(38 citation statements)
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“…Samples from batch reactors for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were withdrawn from reactors and transferred to 0.2-m-pore-size filters in the anaerobic chamber. Cells on these filters and similar filters from the continuousflow experiments were fixed anoxically with 2% glutaraldehyde and air dried overnight inside the anaerobic chamber (39). Although sorption of Fe 2ϩ or formation of Fe(III)-oxide encrustations allowed SEM examination without further treatment for cells incubated in the presence of Fe 2ϩ , cells from cultures grown organotrophically in the absence of Fe 2ϩ were gold-palladium coated to improve visualization.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Samples from batch reactors for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were withdrawn from reactors and transferred to 0.2-m-pore-size filters in the anaerobic chamber. Cells on these filters and similar filters from the continuousflow experiments were fixed anoxically with 2% glutaraldehyde and air dried overnight inside the anaerobic chamber (39). Although sorption of Fe 2ϩ or formation of Fe(III)-oxide encrustations allowed SEM examination without further treatment for cells incubated in the presence of Fe 2ϩ , cells from cultures grown organotrophically in the absence of Fe 2ϩ were gold-palladium coated to improve visualization.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Twenty-eight-day-old samples were chemically fixed using a half-strength Karnovsky solution (20); placed on holey, carboncoated, electron microscopy copper grids; dehydrated in subsequent steps with an increasing concentration of isopropanol; and finally dried in a Bal-Tec CPD030 critical point dryer. A detailed description of the sample preparation steps is given by Schaedler et al (24). Dried samples were mounted on aluminum stubs using double-sided carbon tape.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In contrast to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) or transmission electron microscopy (TEM), where even the most careful specimen preparation cannot prevent artifacts (74,75), CLSM and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM) are powerful tools for in situ quantitative or semiquantitative analysis of environmental samples such as biofilms in their hydrated state (24,76,77). These techniques yield reliable information on biofilm structure (78,79), chemical composition (24,80), and heavy metal adsorption (24,28).…”
Section: Applicationsmentioning
confidence: 99%