Evaluation of eight melanocytic and neural crest‐associated markers in a well‐characterised series of 124 malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours (<scp>MPNST</scp>): useful to distinguish <scp>MPNST</scp> from melanoma?

Gaspard, Margot; Lamant, Laurence; Tournier, É.; Valentin, Thibaud; Rochaix, Philippe; Terrier, Philippe; Ranchère-Vince, Dominique; Coindre, Jean‐Michel; Filleron, Thomas; Guellec, Sophie Le

doi:10.1111/his.13740

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Additionally, the present immunostaining results (positive for S100, SOX10, and CD56 and negative for SMA and PNL2) were able to differentiate the tumor from amelanotic melanoma. The histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of this tumor were consistent with those of PNST in humans, dogs, and rats [2,5,7,9,14,15,18]. In addition to these findings, the pronounced invasiveness in combination with the bone destruction enabled us to confirm that the present tumor was an MPNST.…”

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confidence: 78%

A case of a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor in a guinea pig

Ueda¹,

Ueda²,

Ozaki

2019

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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Here, we describe the clinical and histopathological characteristics of a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (MPNST) extending from the dorsal subcutis to the periphery of the spine in a female guinea pig aged 3 years 7 months. The patient presented with pleural and blood-like pericardial effusion and died. The tumor had invaded the spine and the surrounding muscles and had grown in hypercellular and hypocellular arrangements of round, broad-spindle, and elongated-spindle cells. We observed a fascicular growth pattern, nuclear palisading, and perivascular accumulations of cells that responded positively to anti-S100, sox10, and CD56 antibodies. This is the first report of a MPSNT in a guinea pig.

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confidence: 78%

A case of a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor in a guinea pig

Ueda¹,

Ueda²,

Ozaki

2019

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…The diagnosis of MPNST continues to be challenging and problematic despite improvement in immunohistochemical and molecular diagnostic tools for sarcomas. [3]. The pathology of this patient's tumor was described as an epithelioid neoplasm with surrounding fibrosis, with myxoid appearance and scattered mitotic figures (Figure 1), which is consistent with MPNST histology described in the literature.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…In conclusion, this study found that 20 percent of MPNST, including more than 60 percent of NF1-associated cases, showed diffuse immunostaining with melan-A. This could lead to misdiagnosis and pathologists should be aware that this marker is not genetically specific for melanoma [3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…It has distinct immunophenotypical characteristics [2]. Several tumors can mimic MPNSTs, most importantly spindle cell/desmoplastic melanoma, which serves as the main differential due to the higher incidence, remarkably similar morphology and overlapping immunochemical markers [3]. Radical resection remains the primary therapy for MPNSTs due to its limited sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiotherapy [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Rare Case of Epithelioid Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor Mimicking Malignant Melanoma

Biglow

Cuda

Dotson

2021

Cureus

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“…Diagnosis of MPNST is challenging due to the lack of pathognomonic histopathologic features, specific immunophenotype, or diagnostic molecular signatures 14 . In particular, differentiation between MPNST and spindle cell/sarcomatoid melanoma is notoriously difficult, as these tumours may share strikingly similar histomorphology and immunophenotype 16,17 . S100 and SOX10 are often the only melanocytic/schwannian markers expressed in these tumours, 17,18 and about half of MPNSTs even lack expression for at least one of these markers 17,19–21 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PRAME expression in spindle cell melanoma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour, and other cutaneous sarcomatoid neoplasms: a comparative analysis

et al. 2022

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PRAME expression in spindle cell melanoma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour, and other cutaneous sarcomatoid neoplasms: a comparative analysis Diagnosis of spindle cell/sarcomatoid melanoma may be challenging due to frequent loss of expression of melanocytic marker(s) and histomorphologic resemblance to various mesenchymal tumours, particularly malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (MPNST). Overexpression of PReferentially expressed Antigen in MElanoma (PRAME) supports a diagnosis of melanoma when evaluating challenging melanocytic tumours. PRAME expression in MPNST and other cutaneous sarcomatoid neoplasms, however, has not been well characterised. We aimed to determine the utility of PRAME immunostain in distinguishing spindle cell melanoma from MPNST and other sarcomatoid mimics. PRAME expression was scored by extent (0 to 4+) and intensity (0 to 3) of staining. A strong positive correlation was observed between the extent and intensity scores (r = 0.84). An extent score of 4+, defined by staining in 76-100% of tumour cells, was seen in 56% (23/41) of spindle cell melanomas, 18% (7/38) of MPNSTs, 15% (4/27) of cutaneous sarcomatoid squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), 33% (5/15) of poorly differentiated cutaneous angiosarcomas, 12% (4/33) of atypical fibroxanthomas (AFXs), 4% (1/25) of pleomorphic dermal sarcomas (PDSs), and none (0/16) of the highgrade cutaneous leiomyosarcomas. A significant difference was found between spindle cell melanoma and all other examined sarcomatoid neoplasms except angiosarcoma. While diffuse (and often strong) PRAME expression is more frequently observed in spindle cell melanoma than MPNST, sarcomatoid SCC, AFX, PDS, and high-grade leiomyosarcoma, its limited sensitivity and specificity caution against its use as a standalone diagnostic marker. PRAME may complement other epigenetic or lineage-specific markers and should only be used as part of an immunohistochemical panel when evaluating these sarcomatoid neoplasms.

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Evaluation of eight melanocytic and neural crest‐associated markers in a well‐characterised series of 124 malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours (MPNST): useful to distinguish MPNST from melanoma?

Abstract: MPNST (in NF1 and a sporadic setting) can quite often be positive for Melan-A, tyrosinase and MITF. Pathologists should be cognisant of these exceptions to prevent confusion with melanoma.

Cited by 16 publications

References 34 publications

A case of a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor in a guinea pig

A case of a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor in a guinea pig

A Rare Case of Epithelioid Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor Mimicking Malignant Melanoma

PRAME expression in spindle cell melanoma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour, and other cutaneous sarcomatoid neoplasms: a comparative analysis

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