Evaluation of Efficacy of Supplementary Intracameral Lignocaine in Phacoemulsification Under Topical Anaesthesia in Tertiary Care Hospital at Anand District

Abstract

Objectives:To study analgesic effect of intracameral Lignocaine in Phacoemulsification under topical anaesthesia, and to report the effect of intracameral Lignocaine on maintenance of pupillary dilatation. Method: An observational study was conducted on 75 patients undergoing Phacoemulsification in cataract surgery; out of which 37 patients were enrolled in control group (treated with topical anaesthesia Only) and 38 patients in test group (treated with topical anaesthesia supplemented with Intracameral Lignocaine). Pupillary diameter was measured before surgery and at the completion of surgery. When the patients returned to recovery room after Phacoemulsification, the patients were asked to fill a pain assessment scale (VAS with numerical rating scale) and data were collected; side effects like ocular itching, burning sensation, as well as effect on maintenance of Pupil Diameter, Haemodynamic Parameters such as syatolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate were recorded. Results: Patients' pain experience in control and test group was 62% and 21% respectively. There was no report of any side effect like ocular itching, burning sensation, and also on Haemodynamic parameter such as SBP, DBP, and HR. Pupil diameter before treatment was 8.03mm ±0.15 and 8.16mm±0.17 in control and test group respectively. Pupil diameter after treatment was 5.92 mm±0.20 and 6.80 mm±0.22 in control and test group respectively, indicating better maintenance of dilatation in test group. Discussion: Patients' experience of pain was less and Pupil diameter at the completion of surgery was more in test group as compared to control group. Conclusion: Topical anaesthesia along with intracameral Lignocaine helps to reduce pain to more degree and avoid discomforts during Phacoemulsification in cataract surgery as compared to Lignocaine alone.