Evaluation of Effectiveness of a Novel Multicomponent Mycotoxins Detoxification Agent in the Presence of AFB1 and T-2 Toxin on Broiler Chicks

Abstract

This experimental study was conducted to determine the ability of a novel mycotoxins detoxification agent (MR) at a concentration of 0.2% to reduce the toxicity of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) or T-2 toxin, alone or in combination, and to examine its effect on performance, pathohistological changes (PH) and the residue of these toxins in the tissues of broiler chicks. A total of 96 broiler chicks were divided into eight equal groups: group C, which served as control (without any additives); group MR, which received the novel detoxification agent (supplemented with 0.2%); group E-I (0.1 mg AFB1/kg of diet); group E-II (0.1 mg AFB1/kg of diet + MR 0.2%); group E-III (0.5 mg T-2 toxin/kg of diet); group E-IV (0.5 mg T-2 toxin/kg of diet + 0.2% MR); group E-V (combination of 0.1 mg AFB1/kg, 0.5 mg T-2 toxin/kg of diet); and group E-VI (combination of 0.1 mg AFB1/kg, 0.5 mg T-2 toxin + 0.2% MR). Results indicate that feeds containing AFB1 and T-2 toxin, alone or in combination, adversely affected the health and performance of poultry. However, the addition of MR to diets containing AFB1 and T-2 toxin singly and in combination exerted a positive effect on body weight, feed intake, weight gain, feed efficiency and microscopic lesions in visceral organs. Residual concentration of AFB1 in liver samples was significantly (p < 0.05) decreased when chicks were fed diets supplemented with 0.2% of MR.

Pathological consequences, metabolism and toxic effects of trichothecene T-2 toxin in poultry

“…The latter is particularly important because co-existing mycotoxins may have additive or even synergistic effects on the organism ( Palumbo et al, 2020 ; Kulcsár et al, 2023 ). Similar synergism has been found in instances where aflatoxin, ochratoxin-A and cyclopiazonic acid co-occurred together with T-2 toxin in chickens ( Huff et al, 1988 ; Pál et al, 2009 ; Manafi et al, 2012 ; Stefanović et al, 2023 ). In 2011, a comprehensive meta-analysis of over 100 previous publications described several sometimes contradictory results, including cases of antagonistic effects between different mycotoxins ( Grenier and Oswald, 2011 ).…”

Effects of Aflatoxins and Fumonisins, Alone or in Combination, on Performance, Health, and Safety of Food Products of Broiler Chickens, and Mitigation Efficacy of Bentonite and Fumonisin Esterase

“…4 In other studies, liver alterations were also observed even after addition of mycotoxin binders in contaminated diets, although a reduced magnitude and severity characterized by degeneration rather than necrosis were noted. 51,52 Neef et al 20 also observed that supplementing 0.5% HSCA to diets contaminated with AFB1 at high levels of 2,500 μg/kg did not prevent ultrastructural changes in livers of broiler chickens fed the contaminated diet from hatch to 21 d of age, indicating that at very high AFB1 levels, 0.5% HSCA failed to protect the birds.…”